He has received honorary doctorates from as many as thirty universities .[3] The Government of India has honoured him with the nation’s highest civilian honours: the Padma Bhushan in 1981; Padma Vibhushan in 1990; and the Bharat Ratna in 1997. Kalam is the Fourth President of India to have been honoured with a Bharat Ratna before being elected to the highest office‚ the other three being Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan ‚V. V. Giri and Zakir Hussain. He is also the first scientist and first bachelor to
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"What sacred elements characterize Hindu religious traditions?" Based on the course readings‚ as well as to my understanding‚ they are the major devas‚ based on Vedic scriptures‚ which include Indra (god of thunder and bringer of welcome rains)‚ Agni (god of fire)‚ Soma (associated with a sacred drink)‚ and Ushas (goddess of dawn). The devas included both opaque earth gods and transparent deities of the sky and celestial realms. But behind all the myriad aspects of divinity‚ the sages perceived
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Balco - The Disinvestment Story: Introduction |In February 2001‚ the Government of India (GoI) struck its first |[pic][pic] | |disinvestment deal in the fiscal 2000-01. It approved the sale of its 51% | | |stake in aluminium major‚ Bharat Aluminium Co Ltd (Balco) to Sterlite | | |Industries Ltd. (SIL)‚ for Rs. 551.5 crores. Balco was
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ETHICS OF CARVAKAS: The Caravaka ethics is based on the assumption that the human beings get annihilated at the point of death. She or he begins life with birth and ends it with death. Caravakas do not believe in the theory of karma and accordingly they reject the notion of re- birth after death. Since this is the only life for the individual‚ their exhortation is: “make the best use of it.” To get the best out of this only life‚ one has to enjoy this life and to seek the utmost pleasure. The
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HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Roots of Indian Culture in Sindhu Saraswati Civilisation The Saraswati Civilisation A fresh study by a group of international scientists peesh confirms the dominant role of Saraswati river in sustaining the so-called Indus Valley Civilisation. [28] A new study titled‚ ‘Fluvial landscapes of the Harappan civilisation’‚ has concluded that the Indus Valley Civilisation died out because the monsoons which fed the rivers that supported the civilisation‚ migrated
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EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH‚ VOL. I‚ ISSUE 8/ NOVEMBER 2013 ISSN 2286-4822‚ www.euacademic.org IMPACT FACTOR: 0.485 (GIF) DRJI VALUE: 5.9 (B+) Mythic Interpretations using Sociological Perspectives in South Asian Literature: An Analysis of Girish Karnad ’s Naga Mandala INAM UL HAQ Institute of Social and Cultural Studies University of the Punjab‚ Lahore Pakistan Abstract: The article shall explore the interpretations of myth in Girish Karnad’s play‚ Naga Mandala (1987-88). The paper
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Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam pronunciation (help•info) (Tamil: அவுல் பகீர் ஜைனுலாப்தீன் அப்துல் கலாம்; born 15 October 1931) usually referred to as A. P. J. Abdul Kalam‚ is an Aerospace engineer‚ Professor and chancellor of Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology‚ who served as the 11th President of India from 2002 to 2007.[1] During his term as President‚ he was popularly known as the People’s President.[2][3] He was awarded the Bharat Ratna‚ India’s highest civilian honour. Before
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In the forest‚ Rama caught the eye of Surpankha‚ sister of Ravana who is the most powerful king of Asura. Rama and Lakshman both rejected Surpankha. Lakhsman even mutilated her nose. Offended and hurt‚ she came to his brother for help. As a revenge for his sister‚ Ravana abducted Sita. The brothers sought the help of the monkey king‚ Sugriva‚ to find and rescue Sita. Before agreeing to help them‚ Sugriva first asked them to kill his brother Vali. When this was done‚ they sought Sita. Sugriva’s
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involved in the development of India ’s first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-III). As Chief Executive of the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (I.G.M.D.P)‚ he played a major part in developing many missiles in India including Agni and Prithvi although the entire project has been criticised for being overrun and mismanaged.[8] He was the Chief Scientific Adviser to the Prime Minister and the Secretary of Defence Research and Development Organisation from July 1992 to December
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INTRODUCTION Kolkata or Calcutta is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly river‚ it is the principal commercial‚ cultural‚ and educational centre of East India‚ while the Port of Kolkata is India’s oldest operating port as well as its sole major riverine port. As of 2011‚ the city had 4.5 million residents; the urban agglomeration‚ which comprises the city and its suburbs‚ was home to approximately 14.1 million‚ making it the third-most
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