composition of ethanol was achieved. Introduction: Distillation is the ancient process of separating a liquid into its volatile components by vaporizing a liquid by heating‚ condensing the vapor by means of a cool condenser‚ and collecting the condensation thereafter. Distilling is used in many practical ways such as purifying contaminates out of water to obtain clean water for drinking‚ to produce a variety of alcoholic beverages like vodka or whiskey‚ refining oils such as the gasoline we put
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charged oxygen atom and the positively charged hydrogen atom‚ leaving ice less dense then liquid. Describe the water cycle and indicate where energy (heat) is lost or gained. In the world‚ water constantly goes through a cycle of evaporation‚ condensation and precipitation. This is what makes up the water cycle‚ and is a major factor in both weather and climate. In figure 1 is a diagram of the water cycle‚ showing which way the cycle travels. insert diagram here Beginning at the collection of accumulation
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Emmanuella Struckmeyer Lab partner: Devashaun Hamilton Organic Chemistry 331L‚ Section 002 Dr. Jenifer D’Antonio Date: October 8‚ 2014 1 ABSTRACT Distillation is a process by which one liquid can be separated from another liquid‚ or a liquid from a nonvolatile solid. In this experiment‚ the distillations of cyclohexane and toluene mixture were carried out. The purpose of this experiment is to compare the efficiency of simple distillation versus fractional distillation for separation
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The motivation behind the Apollo missions was for the USA to be the first people to land on the moon. Russia had beaten us to outer-space and had put a satellite out in space before us. We wanted to be the first ones to reach the moon and to retrieve new information and data. Scientists needed the help of NASA to answer some important questions and hypotheses. Scientists wanted to know the origin of the moon‚ the temperature history of the moon‚ the cause of mascons‚ and the origin of tektites. Scientists
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Point of Benzoin: 132°C Theoretical Melting Point of Benzil: 94.5°C Discussion and Conclusions: The purpose of this experiment was to prepare benzil by first converting benzaldehyde to benzoin by the benzoin condensation‚ then oxidizing benzoin to benzil. The benzoin condensation was carried out using thiamine hydrochloride‚ or vitamin B1‚ as a catalyst. The percent yield of the product was sub-par. It was found to be 54.4%‚ which may have been due to the formation of other byproducts during
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"building-blocks":ketoacyl and isoprene groups.[4] Using this approach‚ lipids may be divided into eight categories: fatty acids‚glycerolipids‚ glycerophospholipids‚ sphingolipids‚ saccharolipids‚ and polyketides (derived from condensation of ketoacyl subunits); and sterol lipids and prenol lipids (derived from condensation of isoprene subunits).[4] Although the term lipid is sometimes used as a synonym for fats‚ fats are a subgroup of lipids calledtriglycerides. Lipids also encompass molecules such as fatty acids and their
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This enzyme is so-called acetyl-CoA transferase functioning in the formation of acetoacetyl-CoA. Reaction chain from acetoacetyl-CoA to mevalonate continues to form 3-hydroxy-3 methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) via the condensation in the presence of 3-hydroxy-3 methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMGS) [33]. In the presence of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR) plus NADPH as the cofactor‚ HMG-CoA is later reduced to mevalonate [21]‚ which is subsequently phosphorylated by mevalonate kinase
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role in the process. i. plants through photosynthesis ii. animals through respiration iii. Decomposers through the breakdown of organic material 5. What natural processes make the water cycle work? • evaporation => liquid water to a gas • condensation => gaseous water to a liquid • transpiration=> plant water to gaseous water Additional Notes about Lesson 3.01: (Is there anything extra that you think is important?) 3.02: Nitrogen Cycle Goals for the Lesson: - Interpret a diagram of the
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Organic Chemistry Basic Ideas: Carbon chains: Straight chains and branched chains‚ Numbering of chains and branches. Carbon Rings: Cyclic Molecules‚ Aromatic Compounds Types of Organic reactions: Combustion Addition Substitution Condensation Oxidation What is organic chemistry? Carbon compounds. Methane CH4 Hexane C6 H14 Ethane C2H 6 Heptane C7 H16 Propane C3H 8 Octane C8 H18 Butane C4H10 Nonane C9H20 Pentane C 5 H12 Decane C1 0 H22 Alkanes: Saturated Hydrocarbons
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structure and function of carbohydrates A carbohydrate is an organic molecule containing only Carbon‚ Hydrogen and Oxygen with the general formula Cn(H20)n. They are made up of individual molecules called monomers which are joined together by condensation reactions to make a longer chain called a polymer. Carbohydrates are categorised in to three main groups; monosaccharides‚ disaccharides and polysaccharides. Monosaccharides are single sugars and are sweet tasting soluble substances such as
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