Experiment 3 Objectives Separation by Solvent Extraction To separate a mixture consisting of a carboxylic acid and a neutral compound by using solvent extraction techniques. Introduction Frequently‚ organic chemists must separate an organic compound from a mixture of compounds‚ often derived from natural sources or products of synthetic reactions. One technique used to separate the mixture compounds is called extraction. Extraction is a process
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1. The properties of water are essential to all life on Earth. a. Outline the significance of the labeled parts of this diagram‚ showing the attraction between three water molecules. | w. | Negative charge oxygen atom | | x. | Positive charged oxygen atom | | y. | Weak hydrogen bond between δ+ and δ- parts of neighboring water molecules. | | z. | Strong hydrogen bond | | δ- | Slight negative charge as large oxygen atom attracts shared electrons closer to itself than the hydrogen
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Hypersensitivity ■ Exaggerated responses by an individual to an antigen following a previous exposure ■ Ag-ab reaction – release large quantities of chemicals‚ enzyme‚ and cell stimulators that are damaging to the host. ■ Traditionally classified based on time after exposure to offending antigen ❑ Immediate hypersensitivity – Ab mediated ❑ Delayed hypersensitivity – Cell mediated Types of Hypersensitivity Type I - ANAPHYLACTIC Type
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but they do not show up in the IR. If carboxylic acid were present‚ there would be a broad O-H peak around 3600-3200 cm-1 but instead there is a peak at 3339.63 cm-1 and 3419.74 cm-1 indicating N-H functional groups; the two peaks indicate a primary amine group. A peak around 3222.39 cm-1 indicates the C-H group from the benzene ring of benzocaine while the peak at 2981.93 cm-1 suggests the C-H methyl group on the structure as well; a peak at 1679.91 cm-1 indicates the C=O from the carbonyl group. The
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References: 1. ^ Jones‚ G. Org. React. 1967‚ 15. 2. ^ Emil Knoevenagel (1898). "Condensation von Malonsäure mit Aromatiachen Aldehyden durch Ammoniak und Amine". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 31 (3): 2596–2619. doi:10.1002/cber.18980310308. 3. ^ March‚ Jerry (1985)‚ Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions‚ Mechanisms‚ and Structure (3rd ed.)‚ New York: Wiley‚ ISBN 0-471-85472-7 4. ^ O. Doebner
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Amino Acids Glycine is the smallest of the amino acids. It is ambivalent‚ meaning that it can be inside or outside of the protein molecule. In aqueous solution at or near neutral pH‚ glycine will exist predominantly as the zwitterion. Alanine is a hydrophobic molecule. It is ambivalent‚ meaning that it can be inside or outside of the protein molecule. The α carbon of alanine is optically active; in proteins‚ only the L-isomer is found. Serine differs from alanine in that one of the methylenic
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WWI Timeline 1914: July 28th‚ Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. August 1st‚ Germany declares war on Russia. August 3rd‚ Germany declares war on France. August 4th‚ United Kingdom declares war on Germany after Germany invades Belgium. August 6th‚ Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia and Serbia declares war on Germany. August 26th‚ battle of Tannenberg begins. August 29th‚ President Woodrow announces that US will stay neutral. September 5th‚ the first battle of the
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Yakima Bagby Altered State of Consciousness: How Drugs Alter Consciousness An altered state of consciousness may be defined as a short-term change in the general configuration of one’s individual experience‚ such that one believing that their rational functioning is clearly altered from certain overall norms of their usual state of consciousness. (Revonsuo‚ A.‚ Kallio‚ S.‚ & Sikka‚ P. 2009) There are many ways that one’s consciousness can be altered and drug use is one of them. Psychoactive
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Chemical Equilibrium Start Practice | Coordination Compounds Start Practice | | | "Should Do" Chapters | Carboxylic Acid and its... Start Practice | Alcohol Phenol Ether Start Practice | Chemical Thermodynamics Start Practice | Amines and Diazonium Sal... Start Practice | Biomolecules Start Practice | Periodic Classification... Start Practice | Atomic Structure Start Practice | Principles and Processes... Start Practice | Gaseous State Start Practice | Polymers
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Chapter 16: Acid-Base Euilibrium Brønsted-Lowry acid Brønsted-Lowry base amphoteric water equilibrium constant pH pOH pH scale weak acid Ka and pKa weak base Kb and pKb oxyacids carboxylic acids polyprotic acids amines conjugate acid conjugate base pH of acidic salt solutions pH of basic salt solutions relate Ka and Kb acid strength (binary acids) acid strength (oxyacids) Lewis acid Lewis base Chapter 17: Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria
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