CASE STUDY Heat exchanger rupture and ammonia release in Houston‚ Texas (One Killed‚ Six Injured) 2008-06-I-TX January 2011 This case study examines a heat exchanger rupture and ammonia release at The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company plant in Houston‚ Texas. The rupture and release injured six employees. Hours after plant responders declared the emergency over; the body of an employee was discovered in the debris next to the heat exchanger. Introduction The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company
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nitrateAmmonium Nitrate How they are manufactured? Ammonium nitrate is made commercially by passing ammonia gas (NH3) and a water solution of nitric acid (HNO3) through a pipe. The ammonia combines with the nitric acid to form ammonium nitrate. The formula for this reaction can be written as NH3 + HNO3 → NH4NO3. Large amounts of heat are released during the reaction‚ so the pipe and supporting equipment must be very strong. The solution of ammonium nitrate in water is allowed to evaporate‚ leaving
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(Vinegar) * Lactic acid (in buttermilk) * Tartaric acid (Tamarind) * Oxalic acid (Tomatoes) Commonly found bases in laboratories and in our daily life are: Caustic soda‚ NaOH; Caustic potash‚ KOH; Milk of magnesia‚ Mg(OH)2; Liquor ammonia‚ NH3; Washing powder‚ Tooth paste. One can familiarize with the acid base nature of some of the common substances by using litmus solution. Activity : Make solutions of the following substances: ’Borax’‚ ’Blood’‚ ’Milk’‚ ’caustic soda’‚ ’Lemon
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Al+3NaNO3 7. 2Ca+ + 2NaOH Ca(OH)2 + 2NaNO3 8. 2 NaOH + Cu Cu2 + 2OH 9. Zn2+ 2NaOH Zn(OH)2+2Na Identify the cations that precipitate with hydrochloric acid and dissolve in the presence of ammonia -Iron Identify the cations that precipitate with hydrochloric acid and do not redissolve in the presence of ammonia -SILVER AND LEAD Identify the cations that precipitate upon addition of two or three drops of sodium hydroxide but re-dissolve upon addition of excess sodium hydroxide. -Aluminum‚ zinc
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also be weakly bonded or more strongly as a ligand to form a complex ion‚ and these can also present in solid ‘hydrated’ salts of crystallization. For example‚ copper (II) nitrate (Cu(NO3)2∙3H2O) The metal complexes that contain at least one ammonia (NH3) ligand are called metal ammine complexes. Metal acetylacetonates are coordination complexes derived from the acetylacetonate anion(acac) and metal ions. The coordination number of a complex ion is the number of coordinate bonds being formed
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+ Kd Complex Ion Equilibria −8 3 + 3 2 (x)(2x)2 Kd = (0.010 − x) • How many moles of ammonia must be added to 2.00 L of water so that it will just dissolve 0.010 mole of silver chloride‚ AgCl? = 6.3 ×10−8 – What is the stoichiometric amount of NH3 needed to form Ag(NH3)2+ ? • STOICHIOMETRIC amount 4x3 = 6.3×10−10 – What is the equilibrium NH3 concentration needed to maintain the silver-ammonia complex? x3 = 1.6×10−10 [ ] x = 5.4 ×10−4 M = Ag+ • EQUILIBRIUM amount 5 7 Complex Ion
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center for cross-disciplinary research and gave his country the knowledge of ammonia and other significant fertilizers. He left Germany in 1933 after their loss in WW1‚ and passed away in Switzerland in 1935. The Haber Process combines nitrogen from the air with hydrogen from natural gasses like methane into ammonia. This process is a reaction that ’s reversible and the production of ammonia is exothermic.
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Ammonia and Hydrochloric Acid Lab Chemistry 1 Abstract The straw should be cut shorter to 8 cm in order to make the solid ring appear in the center of the straw. We achieved our goal‚ cutting the straw caused the gases to not have to go as far‚ and meet in the middle. Background The particles in a gas are very loose and tend to move around a lot very quickly. The particles in a solid are very compact and vibrate but don’t really move very much. The particles in a liquid however are more
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or symbiotic bacteria. These bacteria have the nitrogenase enzyme that combines gaseous nitrogen with hydrogen to produce ammonia‚ which is then further converted by the bacteria to make their own organic compounds. Some nitrogen fixing bacteria‚ such as Rhizobium‚ live in the root nodules of legumes (such as peas or beans). Here they form a mutualisticrelationship with the plant‚ producing ammonia in exchange for carbohydrates. Nutrient-poor soils can be planted with legumes to enrich them with nitrogen. A
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Report Introduction Mummification is an ancient Egyptian method which is a natural or deliberate process intended to dehydrate the body to preserve it. They done this because they believed that if a body was left to rot then it would destroy their soul‚ so they believed that the body needed to be intact to serve as host for the soul. So they preserved bodies so they could use them in the afterlife‚ where the Egyptians believed they would make a journey to another life. To start to mummify a body
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