Optimization of biodiesel production from Jatropha Curcas oil by means of experimental planning July 9 – August 20 2010 Abbreviations AOCS : American Oil Chemists’ Society ARS: Agricultural Research Services ASE: Accelerated Solvent Extractor CENARGEN: Centro Nacional de Pesquisas de Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia (National Research Center for genetical and biotecnological ressources) EMBRAPA : Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Brazilian Enterprise for Agricultural
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Testing for Cation and Anions OBJECTIVE: • Determine the presence of a cation or anion by a chemical reaction • Determine the cation and anion in an unknown solution All salt solutions have both positive (Cations) and negative (Anions) ions dissolved in it. In this experiment you will observe chemical reactions to determine the presence of specific anions and cations. Compare your observations with the reactions of the known solutions and the unknown solution to determine the ions present
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Chemistry 3373F Lab Manual 2008 Modified 11/07 Table of Contents Chem 3373 Laboratory Schedule for Fall 2008.............................................................................2 The Benzoin Condensation of Benzaldehyde ..............................................................................3 Synthesis of Dilantin and Related Compounds (two weeks).........................................................6 Synthesis of an Alkaloid: Pseudopelletierine (two weeks) .............
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Experiment #9 – Identification of Aldehydes and Ketones Introduction Aldehydes and ketones share the carbonyl functional group which features carbon doubly bonded to oxygen. In the case of ketones there are two carbon atoms bonded to the carbonyl carbon and no hydrogens. In the case of aldehydes there is at least one hydrogen bonded to the carbonyl carbon; the other attachment may be to a carbon or a hydrogen. In all cases the carbon(s) that are attached to the carbonyl group may be aliphatic (not
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PAHANG TRIAL 2009 EXAMINATION CHEMISTRY PAPER 2 MARKING SCHEMES SECTION A - Structural Questions: Question 1. (a) (i) The presence of isotopes 1M (ii) Let the abundance of 63X be a %. The % abundance of 65X. = ( 100 – a ) 1M Relative atomic mass = ( 62.93 x a) + ( 64.93 x ( 100 -a) ) 1M
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Chem 31.1 Post Lab 3 CARBONYL COMPOUNDS AND CARBOHYDRATES HYDROLYSIS OF POLYSACCHARIDES - - Susceptible to both nucleophiles and electrophiles Presence of C=O TEST FOR ALDEHYDES AND KETONES - - Reaction with 2‚4-DNP (Dinitrophenylhydrazine) Positive: Formation of yellow precipitate IODOFORM TEST - Carbonyl compounds: Methyl ketones will give a positive result Postive: Yellow precipitate (CHI3) MOLISCH’S TEST for carbohydrates - TOLLEN’S TEST – for aldehydes
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The effect of molecular weight on the diffusion rates of Potassium permanganate (KMnO4)‚ Potassium dichromate(K2Cr2O7) and Methylene Blue^1 _________________ Group 3 Sec. X-1L February 6‚ 2012 ____________________ ABSTRACT The effect of molecular weight on the diffusion of substances were tested through the use of agar-water gel with three wells placed in a petri dish. Drops of three different substances namely: Potassium
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identification. Materials: 1 Household Bleach‚ 2 mL 1 Distilled water 1 Toothpicks 2 Beaker‚ 50 mL‚ plastic 1 Cylinder-25-mL 1 Pencil‚ marking 1 Test Tube (5)‚ 13 x 100 mm in Bubble Bag 1 Well-Plate-24 1 Ammonium Molybdate‚ 0.2 M - 2 mL in Pipet 1 Aqueous Ammonia‚ 6 M‚ NH4OH - 4 mL in Pipet 1 Barium Chloride‚ 0.3 M - 2 mL in Pipet 1 Hydrochloric Acid‚ 6 M - 8 mL in Dropper Bottle 1 Nitric Acid‚ 6 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Organic Reagent - 1.5 mL in Vial 2 Pipet‚ Empty Short Stem 1 Silver Nitrate‚ 0.1 N -
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for each wrong answer. Ball point pen can be used for darkening but once darkened cannot be erased) (Uploading of correct answer in the internet: 07.02.2011) CHEMISTRY SECTION 1. Which of the following compound on boiling with water produces ammonia gas (a) Mg3N2 (b) NH4Cl (c) NaNO2 (d) only (a) and (b) 2. Which of the following is not a redox reaction (equations are not balanced) (a) Sn + NaOH → Na2SnO3 + H2 (b) NH4NO3 → N2O + H2O (c) PbO + KOH → K2PbO2 + H2O (d) Ca(OCl)Cl + NH3→ CaCl2 +
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“Ammonia Treatment in Textile Processing” Before Studding “Ammonia Treatment” we have to know about the Pretreatments in textile processing…. Why we do Pre-Treatments? Pretreatment is the heart of processing of textile. Grey cloth after weaving is quite unattractive and contains numerous natural as well as added impurities which hinder the successful carrying out of subsequent step like dyeing‚ printing and finishing. What are Pre-Treatments? In Pretreatment‚ all
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