Introduction In this experiment‚ exo-norborneol was produced by a hydration of alkenes by using an acid and excess water. Hydration of alkenes is the acid-catalyzed addition of water to a carbon-carbon pi bond that leads to the formation of an alcohol. Norbornene is a bridged cyclic hydrocarbon‚ this molecule contains a double bond that induces significant ring strain‚ and therefore‚ it is highly reactive. In order for this reaction to occur‚ equilibrium must be established between the hydration
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Ionic Reactions Introduction: Today we are going to observe the chemical changes when mixing two solutions. Some will change colors‚ produce gases proving if the solutions are soluble or insoluble. Materials and Methods: I first pulled out the small wells and place two drops of the Cobalt (II) Nitrate in seven of the wells. I then moved to the next row and placed two drops of Copper (II) Nitrate in the next row‚ into seven of the wells‚ and so on with the other three Nitrates. I then cut off
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Chemistry 2283g Experiment 1 – Alkyl Halides EXPERIMENT 1: Preparation and Reactivity of Alkyl Halides Relevant Sections in the text (Wade‚ 7 ed.) • 6.7 (p. 228) Reactions of alkyl halides • 6.8 – 6.12 (p. 229 – 242) The SN2 reaction: generality‚ factors affecting SN2 reactions‚ substrate reactivity‚ mechanism • 6.13 – 6.14 (p. 243 – 249) The SN1 reaction: mechanism‚ stereochemistry General Concepts The most common of the variety of methods available for preparing alkyl halides is the replacement
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Imbibition in Kidney Beans * Aim of Experiment: * To investigate the effect that emersion in salt solutions has on imbibition in kidney beans. * Safety Considerations: * One must use extreme caution when working with chemicals. Always wear protective goggles and gloves when handling them. KCl is slightly hazardous in case of skin contact‚ eye contact‚ ingestion‚ or inhalation. In case of eye contact‚ immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek
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1. Background knowledge/theory: Nitrite can be produced through a bacterial reduction from nitrate. This reduction can occur in the oral cavity of humans. Nitrate is commonly found in fertilisers for food crops so it’s also found on the outside of fruits and vegetables (Mygind‚ 1991). This is relevant because nitrite can have consequences for our overall health. It can react with secondary amines to form nitrosamines. Research has shown that some nitrosamines can cause cancer (Mygind‚ 1991). Furthermore
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Tris(acetylacetonato)manganese Dissolve 0.26 g manganese(II) chloride tetrahydrate and 0.68 g of sodium acetate in 10 mL of distilled water. Add 1 g acetylacetone and swirl the mixture. With magnetic stirring‚ add dropwise a solution of 0.052 g potassium permanganate in 2.5 mL of distilled water over a period of 10-15 minutes. Stir for 10 minutes‚ then add dropwise a solution of 0.63 g sodium acetate in 2.5 mL distilled water. Heat the resulting mixture on a hot plate to between 60 and 70oC for
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Alka Seltzer Expirement Research The Expirement that the chemist will be conducting includes the following materials: hot water‚ room tepmerature water‚ cold water‚ and regular Alka Seltzer tablets. Research on Alka Seltzer in previous expirements shows that it dissolves faster in hotter temperatures of water. It also shows in previous expirements that Alka Seltzer dissolves slower in colder temperatures of water rather than hotter temoeratures. Alka Seltzer is an antacid that contains aspirin
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The Mann Gulch Fire On August 5‚ 1949‚ a wildfire overran 16 smokejumpers and firefighters in Mann Gulch on the Helena National Forest in Montana. The fire was most likely started by lightning from a thunderstorm. It was noticed promptly by rangers‚ who dispatched 16 smokejumpers‚ under the command of Wagner Dodge. Thought to be much smaller than it actually was‚ the fire quickly grew large and out of control‚ covering 3000 acres in 10 minutes during its blow up stage. Upon approaching Mann Gulch
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Experiment: DNA damage and mutations in human cells when exposed to nitric oxide Aim: To examine mutations after in vitro exposure of nitric oxide to human cells. Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is a anatomical carrier formed by various cell types. In this experiment nitric oxide is made to react with undamaged human cells and solutions of DNA‚ RNA ‚ guanine or adenine in aerobic conditions. TK6 human lymphoblastoid cells were altered. It has been observed that deamination of purines‚ pyrimidines
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You might ask yourself what one of the most common elements used would be. Well I’m here to tell you that it is nitrogen! One of the biggest users of Nitrogen is all of the plants around the world; especially the crops that we grow for food. This is perhaps why it is one of the most important elements also. All the food around the world comes from the crops that are grown some way or another. However‚ the odorless and colorless gas‚ nitrogen‚ cannot be used in the state found naturally in our
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