AS TRANSITION COURSE SUMMER 2012 PART 1: MEASURING AMOUNT OF SUBSTANCE MASS VOLUME MOLAR MASS AVOGADRO [pic] CONCENTRATION ATOM ION MOLECULE COURSE OUTLINE OCR Chemistry A Unit 1 – Autumn Term 2012 • Atoms and Electron Structure • Moles‚ Equations and Acids • Structure and Bonding • Redox‚ Group 2 and Group 7 Unit 1 Exam – January 2013 – 1 hour – 90 UMS – 30% of total Unit 2 – Spring Term 2013 • Basic Concepts
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Conclusions The purpose of this experiment was to find the relationship between a substance’s specific heat and its atomic weight. In the lab‚ the substances with the higher atomic weights had less specific heat. From this‚ we can conclude that specific heat and atomic weight have an inverse relationship‚ meaning as one decreases the other increases. The reason for this is because if atoms are small‚ or light‚ they have the ability to pack tightly together‚ leaving almost no space between them
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Gases and Atmospheric Pressure Three types of motion and kinetic energy -particles in a substance have three type of motion and therefore three types of kinetic energy -vibrational motion -vibreational kinetic energy -all particles have this type of energy -rotational motion -rotational kinetic energy -particles in liquid and fases have some solids have this energy type -translational motion -translational kinetic energy -only particles in liquid and gas have this type of energy
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AKS Review: Moles AKS Correlation 9c. Apply concepts of the mole and Avogadro’s number to conceptualize and calculate: -empirical/molecular formulas -mass‚ moles‚ and molecules relationships In all calculations that follow‚ SHOW ALL WORK AND USE SIGNIFICANT FIGURES. 1. Write Avogadro’s number in standard and in scientific notation. 2. What is a mole? 3. (a) In your own words‚ what is molar mass? (b) Find the molar mass of the following: Fe
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pattern of endlessly repeating lattice of ions they do not exist as a free unit of atoms but in crystal lattices with repeating ions in specific ratios which is why empirical formula is used as a form of identification for defining an ionic-bonded substance. Calculating the empirical formula: To calculate the empirical formula for when two reactants undergoes a chemical reaction‚ the following 5 steps should be taken: 1. Record the masses of all the elements present in a given compound
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Molar Heat of Combustion of a substance is the heat liberated when 1 mole of the substance undergoes complete combustion with oxygen at standard atmospheric pressure‚ with the final products being carbon dioxide gas and liquid water. (Ref. “Conquering Chemistry‚ Roland Smith‚ 2005”) The Heat Capacity of a substance is the amount of heat energy it must consume in order to raise its temperature by 1 Kelvin or 1° Celsius. The heat capacity of 1 mol of a pure substance is known as its molar heat capacity
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S. 5.2 – The Mole The mole: - - - - Ex. - Molar mass (g/mol): - - - Ex. |Element |Atomic mass shown on Periodic |Molar mass of element | | |table | | |N |14.0067 |14.0067 g
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SOME BASIC CONCEPTS OF CHEMISTRY After studying this unit‚ you will be able to • understand and appreciate the role of chemistry in different spheres of life; • explain the characteristics of three states of matter; • classify different substances into elements‚ compounds and mixtures; • define SI base units and list some commonly used prefixes; • use scientific notations and perform simple mathematical operations on numbers; • differentiate between precision and accuracy; • determine
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kilogram kg Length meter m Time second s Temperature kelvin K Amount of substance mole mol Electric Current ampere A Luminous Intensity candela cd Prefixes for Units giga- G 109 mega- M 106 kilo- k 103 deci- d 10-1 centi- c 10-2 milli- m 10-3 micro- u 10-6 nano- n 10-9 pico- p 10-12 femto- f 10-15 atto- a 10-18 B. The mole and millimole 1. Mole – amount of a chemical species. Avogadro’s number 6.022 X 1023 of particles. 2.
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Dumas Method Background of the Study Problem In this experiment‚ an unknown liquid is in need to be identified and one of the key factors to identify it is to determine its molecular weight. In order to determine the molecular weight of a particular substance which in this experiment’s case is a volatile liquid‚ the need to convert the liquid into a gas arises. The relation among the pressure‚ volume‚ temperature and the number of moles of a gas will be an important key in the conclusion of its molecular
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