‘A fear of democracy runs throughout liberalism’ Discuss. 45 Marks (Jan 2011) Some political thinkers have argued that Liberalism can be defined by its fear of democracy. Democracy is ‘rule by the people’‚ this term suggests that there is popular participation and also public interest within government. While liberals fear democracy they know and see it as the best possible way. As there is a clear fear of it lying underneath the liberal ideology‚ there are obvious arguments for and against this
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DEMOCRACY IN PAKISTAN OUTLINES 1. Introduction 2. What is democracy? 3. Nature of democracy. 4. Beginning of democracy 5. Democracy since creation 6. Causes of failure of democracy 7. Impacts of democracy 8. Measures for the survival of democracy 9. Conclusion “The essence of democracy is its assurance that people should so respect himself and should be so respected in his own personality that he should have opportunity equal to that of every other human being to show what he was meant to become
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compatible with democracy. Seemed as a simple question‚ such an inquiry requires an in-depth look at the matter at hand. When one asks whether Islam is compatible with democracy‚ one needs to analyze the definition of democracy. According to Webster’s Dictionary‚ democracy is “a form of government in which supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or their elected agents under a free electoral system.” Such is the definition that mainly pertains to western democracy and western
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Dahl’s “On Democracy” Early in Dahl’s book he answers the question “what is democracy?” by enumerating a list of five criteria that must be met in order for a government to be recognized as fully democratic. These criteria involve all citizens having equal and satisfactory opportunities to participate in the steering of policy. To realize all of these criteria would mean that it has achieved ‘ideal’ democracy‚ but Dahl concedes that it is not practical to expect a perfect democracy given the realities
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Deliberative democracy is a relatively new concept‚ having been first introduced by Bessette in 1980. This makes it somewhat more relevant in today’s society than some of the other models of democracy. As stated before‚ a deliberative model is one which can be described as a ‘discursive democracy’. To be discursive is to “proceed to a conclusion through reason rather than intuition’‚ therefore here‚ the publics opinions and views is an integral part of the law making process. As with deliberative
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Representative Democracy In participative democracy it brings the means of the citizens are also participating in the democratic action as well by selecting the representatives for them to help voice out their demands. This sentence explained the fact that participative democracy gives power to their citizens as well to help lead the country. For example is like what we have here in Malaysia‚ our citizens have the power to choose who their leaders will be. Every single state and region is set up
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The final thinker‚ Chaput‚ provides arguments that both explicitly portray the conflicts and tensions between modern liberal democracy and Christianity‚ but he also proposes a clear solution. Foremost‚ he recognizes that “Catholics not only don’t fit in America‚ we also know we don’t fit in” (Chaput‚ 1). Because of this realization‚ he understands that something needs to be done‚ but he argues that a better model for lay Catholics to follow than St. Benedict is St. Augustine who “engaged in the problems
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Democracy is a political form of government in which governing power is derived from the people‚ by consensus (consensus democracy)‚ by direct referendum (direct democracy)‚ or by means of elected representatives of the people (representative democracy). The term comes from the Greek word (dēmokratía) "rule of the people"‚ which was coined from (dêmos) "people" and (Kratos) "power". There is no universal definition of the term democracy‚ people like the late USA president ABRAHAM LINCOLN define
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Failure of Democracy in Pakistan Almost 150 years ago‚ Abraham Lincoln defined democracy as a Government of the people‚ by the people and for the people. Democracy is a form of government in which the authority of government is based on the will of masses. Democracy aims at defining the relationship between the ruler and the masses in such a manner that primacy is assigned to the latter. After sixty years of its existence as an independent country democracy has remained an elusive dream in Pakistan
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1. RONALD DWORKIN: According to Dworkin‚ democracy is an egalitarian perception to political equality (). Dworkin argues for a substantive approach to democratic procedure; in effort to secure an equal distribution of political power to citizens as a whole (9; 117). Dworkin’s consequential approach classifies two types of political decisions: “choice-sensitive” and “choice-insensitive” issues (132). Dworkin defines choice-sensitive issues in terms of justice that: “depends essentially on character
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