AUDIT EXPECTATIONS GAP Definition i) Liggio (1974a) defines it as the difference between the levels of expected performance as envisioned by the independent accountant and by the user of financial statements. The Cohen Commission (1978) on auditors’ responsibility extended this definition by considering whether a gap may exist between what the public expects or needs and what auditors can and should reasonably expect to accomplish. ii) According to Guy and Sullivan (1988)‚ there is a
Premium Audit Auditing Auditor's report
when performing an audit. This responsibility is defined in International Standards on Auditing and enforced through legislation in national jurisdictions. This report identifies the factors that should be of consideration when deciding on the appropriate level of responsibility auditors’ should have to detect corporate fraud. There are various limitations inherent in audits that should be taken into account‚ as they hinder fraud detection which is why even though an audit may be performed properly
Premium Audit Auditing Financial audit
CURBING CYBERCRIME IN NIGERIA. Seven years ago‚ back in my secondary school‚ we were invited for an annual debate: internet has done more harm than good‚ argue for or against‚ I wondered how in the world our rivals were going to yank purpose at this theme‚ this one sided coin. It was improbable and we were the only victors I could see. There was hardly any blemish to the internet; it was the best thing you can imagine. Bringing the world to the very doorstep of everyone amidst a host of all
Premium Unemployment Computer security Fraud
We do not believe that the auditors from Friehling & Horowitz exercised due care and maintained professional skepticism throughout the audit. According to the AICPA website‚ “due professional care imposes a responsibility upon each professional within an independent auditor’s organization to observe the standards of field work and reporting” (AICPA). This is because the auditors should have been skeptical of Madoff’s bank account and Chase and should have looked into what that bank account was
Premium Audit Auditing Financial audit
INTERNAL AUDIT REPORT 2011-09 KincaidOutdoorCenterCashControls ParksandRecreationDepartment July 12‚20II OF ANCHORAGE MUNICIPALITY Internal Audit Department 632 W 6th Avenue‚Suite600 P . O .B ox 1 9 6 6 5 0 Anchorage‚Alaska 99519-6650 http://www.muni.org/audit OFFICE OF THE INTERNAL AUDITOR PeterRaiskums‚CIA‚ CFE‚ CGFM Director Phone: (907) 343-4438 Fax: (907) 343-4370 E-Mail: raiskumspw@muni.org OF AIVCHORAGE M UNICIPALITY Phone:907-343-4438 Fax:907-343-4370 Auditor Officeof the Internal 632W
Premium Auditing Financial audit Internal audit
PRINCIPLES-BASED VERSUS RULES-BASED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS: THE INFLUENCE OF STANDARD PRECISION AND AUDIT COMMITTEE STRENGTH ON FINANCIAL REPORTING DECISION ------------------------------------------------- BUS 421 ACCOUNTING THEORY E100 ------------------------------------------------- Presented To: Karel Hrazdil ------------------------------------------------- Presented by: Shirley Mi Chen (301069071) ABSTRACT Agoglia‚ Doupnik‚ and Tsakumis (2011) examined two hypothesis in their paper
Premium Enron Financial statements
THE NIGHT AUDIT Front office records must be periodically reviewed for accuracy and completeness. This need is met through the NIGHT AUDIT. With computerised accounting it can be carried out at any time during the day. These properties choose to call the audit the Front office audit or System up date. Even though computerised properties can perform these functions at any time‚ they almost invariably follow the night time tradition since the no. of transactions are less during the late night or
Premium Hotel Audit Auditor's report
PTL was not an organization registered with the SEC; the partner still has to follow the professional code of conduct that is integral to his profession and the public’s trust in it. 2. There are numerous procedures that an audit firm must perform before accepting an audit client: a. Firstly‚ review the reason why the company is looking for a new auditor or why it needs to start being audited. b. Review business structure of the client (look for red flags) c. Review client’s past history‚ including
Premium Audit Financial audit
Proposal Energy Audit: An energy audit is an inspection‚ survey and analysis of energy‚ flows for energy conservation in a building‚ process or system to reduce the amount of energy input into the system without negatively affecting the output(s). Energy audit identifies opportunities for financial savings by elimination of wasteful use of electricity‚ coal and fuel oil‚ without affecting the process or quality of product. Need for Energy Audit: It has been established that Energy
Premium United States Management Life
Index A B C Introduction 1 Relevant data 2012 7-8 2 Message from the president and letter from the managing director 9-12 3 Administration Board and Executive Committee 13-14 4 History 15-18 5 Content of the report 19-20 6 About MANGO 21-24 Our sustainability policy and model 7 Our sustainability model 29-36 8 Society and customer relationship 37-48 9 Employees 49-60 10 The supply chain and suppliers 61-72 11 Environmental aspects 73-80 12 Economic data 81-92
Premium Trade union Corporate social responsibility 2012