definition‚ according to Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA)‚ internal auditing is an independent‚ objective assurance and consulting activity designed to add value and improve an organisation’s operations. It helps an organisation accomplish its objectives by bringing a systematic‚ disciplined approach to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of risk management‚ control‚ and governance processes. Internal auditing is executed by an internal auditor. He is regarded as part and parcel of the organisation
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audience realize what will be argued or supported. Correction: Strip mining is an environmentally destructive solution‚ so the world should find better ones such as wind power‚ biofuel‚ or tidal power. f. “In the United States‚ the press is the watchdog of society. “ Weakness: Again‚ this thesis is to short and does not have proper support behind it. It’s imperative to share with the audience where he or she stands on an
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Table of Contents Introduction 3 Prescriptive Theory and Descriptive Theory 3 Economic Theory 4 Decision Usefulness Theory 5 Critical Accounting Theory and Critical Theory 6 System-Oriented Theories 7 Open System Theories 8 Behavioral Decision Theory 9 Legitimacy Theory 10 Political Economy Theory 11 Institutional Theory 12 Stakeholder Theory 13 Agency Theory 14 Normative Theory 15 Public Interest Theory 16 Capture Theory 17 Economic Interest Theory/Private
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customer list. Regarding the $865 million assumption‚ auditors only adopted the procedure to compare the percentage used to calculate the fair market value to a client prepared spreadsheet. Regarding the useful lives of the plant and equipment‚ first‚ auditors inquired the management of Billy’s. Then‚ auditors made a discussion with the manager of Litter Drummer about the useful lives it previously assigned to the plant and equipment. Auditors only focused on the valuation and allocation assertion
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an auditor conducts an audit according to GAAS‚ the auditor is responsible for providing reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free from material misstatements‚ whether due to error or fraud. (AU-C 240.05) ILLEGAL ACTS: When an auditor conducts an audit according to GAAS‚ “the auditor is not responsible for preventing noncompliance and cannot be expected to detect noncompliance with all laws and regulations” (AU-C 250.04) SIMILARITIES: Fraud: ILLEGAL ACTS: Auditor needs
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involved. Auditors are already in a risky field
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Bruce Stone‚ O.P. Dwivedi‚ and Joseph G. Jabbra list 8 types of accountability‚ namely: moral‚ administrative‚ political‚ managerial‚ market‚ legal/judicial‚ constituency relation‚ and professional.[13] Leadership accountability cross cuts many of these distinctions. [edit] Political accountability Political accountability is the accountability of the government‚ civil servants and politicians to the public and to legislative bodies such as congress or parliament. In a few cases‚ recall elections
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After identifying a significant related party transaction outside the entity’s normal course of business‚ an auditor should Evaluate the business purpose of the transaction. In auditing related party transactions‚ an auditor ordinarily places primary emphasis on The adequacy of the disclosure of the related party transactions. Subsequent to issuing a report on audited financial statements‚ a CPA discovers that the accounts receivable confirmation process omitted a number of accounts that are
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report upon them to company member” Types Of Audit: * Internal audit * External audit. Internal auditor: “An authorized person appointed by the management to check the internal affairs of the organization not mandatory by law” According to Professor Walter B. Meigs: Internal auditing consist of a continuous‚ critical review of financial and operating activities by a staff of auditors functioning as full time salaried employees. Introduction: Internal audit is the independent appraisal
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L.M. Caputo Illegal Acts by Clients: AU Section 317 (SAS no. 54) An auditor has two distinct responsibilities regarding illegal acts. First‚ an auditor must thoroughly understand all existing accepted auditing standards to be equipped to recognize the potential for illegal acts. Once an auditor has uncovered the potential for such violations then it is equally prudent to understand the personal responsibilities an auditor must bear and the necessary actions that accompany an irregular audit.
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