Introduction To Central Nervous System Neuropharmacology SPH 3014 Introduction to CNS • CNS is composed of brain and spinal cord. • Primary function are to coordinate and control the activity of other body systems. • Involved the synaptic processes which release different kind of neurotransmitters – Ach‚ NE‚ Serotonin‚ Dopamine etc – Some mental illnesses & pathological conditions are associated with abnormal changes in the amount or activity of neurotransmitter – Many drugs that
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cholinergic nerves. Acetylcholine is found in both the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. Acetylcholine can also be found in the autonomic nervous system and is the only neurotransmitter used in motor division of the somatic nervous system. In the peripheral nervous system acetylcholine plays a role in skeletal muscle movement‚ as well as in the regulation of smooth muscle and cardiac muscle. In the central nervous system acetylcholine is believed to be involved in the sleep-wake
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you’d expect just the opposite homeostatic response)? Pg. 969 This occurred because Allen’s spinal cord has decreased perfusion due to damage‚ and a broken vertebral bone. Also‚ there has been a disruptions of the sympathetic fibers of his autonomic nervous system therefore it can no longer stimulate the heart. Allen likely has spinal shock. 2. Upon admission to the hospital‚ Allen’s breathing was rapid and shallow‚ can you explain why? Pg. 969 Due to Allen’s fall he likely has an incompetent diaphragm
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sensory‚ reflex‚ and autonomic function below the level of injury‚” and is often the immediate response to an acute spinal cord injury (Hung‚ 2009). After A.D. was ejected from his vehicle‚ he suffered a C5-C6 cervical subluxation (or misalignment)‚ causing spinal cord damage. In the case of A.D.‚ a severe drop in blood pressure was noted‚ dropping from 110/72 to 90/60‚ as well as a decreased heart rate‚ from 86 to 54 beats per minute. As damage to the spinal nerve tracts occur‚ system vasomotor tone
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Muscle tissue Muscle tissue has a ability to relax and contrast and so bring about movement and mechanical work in various parts of the body. There are other movements in the body too which are necessary for the survival of the organism such as the heart beat and the movements of the alimentary canal. Muscles can be divided into three main groups according to their structure * Smooth muscle tissue. * Skeletal muscle tissue. * Cardiac (heart) muscle tissue.
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AND BEHAVIOR Objective II.1 Identify the basic components of the neuron. Key Terms neuron dendrites axon cell body (soma) Exercises 1. What is a neuron? Neurons are individual cells in the nervous system that receive‚ integrate‚ and transmit information 2. Label each part of the neuron. 1.Soma 2.Dendrites 3.Myelin sheath 4.Axon [pic] Objective II.2 Define action potential‚ and explain
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Nervous and Endocrine System Work Sheet View the following case studies on the Anatomy and Physiology place website: Chapter 7 –Nervous System; Chapter 8- Special Senses Chapter 9 – Endocrine Try to answer the questions in the case study and be sure to check the correct answers! However you will not need to submit your answers to these questions‚ only the questions on the worksheet ( see below). Submit your answers as a word document to the Week 4 dropbox 1. Define a reflex and list
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perceptions‚ memories‚ reasoning‚ and biological activities. Define the cerebral cortex The layer of unmyelinated neurons (gray matter) forming the cortex of the cerebrum. The cerebral cortex is responsible for higher functions of the nervous system‚ including voluntary muscle activity and learning‚ language‚ and memory. It is composed of neurons and axons. Define hemisphere as it relates to the brain The left side of the brain controls the functions of the right side of
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Definition Epidemiology Etiology Pathogenesis & Pathology Clinical features Investigations Diagnosis Differential diagnosis Treatment Prognosis Definition Postinfectious polyneuropathy involving mainly motor but sometimes also sensory and autonomic nerves Affects people of all ages and is not hereditary Most patients have a demyelinating neuropathy‚ but primarily axonal degeneration is documented in some cases. also known as: Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
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occurs throughout the central (autonomic) nervous system and peripheral (somatic) nervous system where it binds to and stimulates cholinergic receptors‚ specifically muscarinic and nicotinic receptors (Mileson et al. 1998). The autonomic nervous system controls visceral functions in the body and ACh acts at muscarinic and nicotinic receptors present at effector organs such as heart‚ eyes‚ glands‚ respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. The somatic nervous system controls all voluntary functions
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