in separate industries and therefore face different business risks. Marriott’s vice president says that increasing the hurdle rate by 1% would decrease the present value of project inflows by 1%. Since finding appropriate hurdle rates is critical to accepting or rejecting projects‚ Marriott should be precise by calculating and using division-specific rates on division-specific projects. We used the WACC method so that our hurdle rates would reflect appropriate cost of debt and cost of equity‚ as
Premium Weighted average cost of capital Finance Economics
Toyota Cost of Capital Case: General Methodology We used the following framework to do the calculations for all the companies. Afterwards we will discuss their implications: To estimate the cost of equity (RE) we used the following CAPM model: RE = RF + βE (RM-RF) whereby‚ Market Premium = RM – RF = 6% (Given in case) RM = Return for S & P 500 (a market return that takes into account systematic risk associated with the market place where our company is traded‚ NYSE) Risk Free Rate
Premium Investment Rate of return Capital
Ameritrade’s management should consider the net present value of the proposed advertising program and technology upgrades. They need to make sure that the future cash inflows due to this project outweigh its future cash outflows. Additionally‚ the riskiness of the project would have to be determined. Ameritrade’s managers should also consider what taking on these programs would do to its capital structure. They might have a certain debt to equity ratio they wish to maintain‚ or perhaps there
Premium Weighted average cost of capital Investment Finance
Competitive automobile industry and the client’s requirements The automotive companies need to implement‚ and maintain high standards of Total Quality Management practices to match up to the competitive automobile industry and the client’s requirements‚ this has been considered as infrastructural strategy in the operations management research fields. Due to the competition‚ the clients demand for quality‚ hence making it one of the biggest factors of consideration for company’s survival in
Premium Automotive industry
Automobile Industry Hailed as ‘the industry of industries’ by Peter Drucker‚ the founding father of the study of management‚ in 1946‚ the automobile industry had evolved continuously with changing times from craft production in 1890s to mass production in 1910s to lean production techniques in the 1970s. The Asian countries‚ mainly by Japan‚ China and India‚ registered a 9% increase in production over last year‚ constituting 35.9% of the global production. In fact China and India posted positive
Premium Automotive industry Supply and demand Volkswagen Group
The Cost of Capital 1 Background As investors desire to obtain the best/highest return on their investments in securities such as shares (Equity) and loans to companies such as debentures (Debt)‚ these returns are costs to the companies paying these Dividends (on equity) and Interest (on Debts)! It all depends on the perspective from which we chose to view the calculation (are we Earning or Paying?) Companies MUST consider the cost of financing they receive in the form of equity or debt if they
Premium Finance Weighted average cost of capital Stock market
Group Case 1: Ameritrade – Cost of Capital Executive Summary: As a deep-discount brokerage‚ Ameritrade planned to improve its competitive position by price cutting‚ technology enhancements‚ and increased advertising in mid-1997. Before initiating the plan‚ Ameritrade needed know whether the investment returned more than it cost. We were hired to estimate the cost of capital correctly. The key question is to find suitable comparable firms to estimate Ameritrade’s asset beta‚ since it was a recently-listed
Premium Rate of return Investment
JOURNAL OF FINANCE • VOL. LIII‚ NO. 4 • AUGUST 1998 Agency Costs‚ Risk Management‚ and Capital Structure HAYNE E. LELAND* ABSTRACT The joint determination of capital structure and investment risk is examined. Optimal capital structure ref lects both the tax advantages of debt less default costs ~Modigliani and Miller ~1958‚ 1963!!‚ and the agency costs resulting from asset substitution ~Jensen and Meckling ~1976!!. Agency costs restrict leverage and debt maturity and increase yield spreads
Premium Capital structure Corporate finance Debt
Ameritrade is formed in 1971‚ and is a pioneer in the deep-discount brokerage sector. In march 1997‚ Ameritrade raised $22.5 million in an initial public offering. Management at Ameritrade is considering substantial investments in technology and advertising‚ but is unsure of the appropriate cost of capital. Estimating the cost of capital 1. Since we do not have the beta for Ameritrade‚ we need to find comparable firms for which we could compute the betas. There are several candidates in the case
Premium Investment Stock market Stock
Marriott cost of capital Objective: 1) Calculate the divisional and the company cost of capital and explain the calculation. 2) Evaluate Marriott’s use of company cost-of-capital rate for the individual divisions. Cost of Capital for Lodging Division can be expressed as CC = We*Ce + Wd*Cd. For the weights of debt and equity (We and Wd)‚ the 1988 target-schedule rates of debt-to-assets and debt-to-equity were used as the only measures available in the case. Cost of Equity
Premium Mathematics Capital Weighted average cost of capital