BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONS) BIOTECHNOLOGY YEAR 1 SEMESTER 1‚ 2 & 3 UDBB 1164 FUNDAMENTAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 0 EXPERIMENT 1 PROPERTIES OF HYDROCARBONS Introduction Hydrocarbons are compounds which contain only carbon and hydrogen‚ can be classified into several types‚ depending on their structure. Aliphatic hydrocarbons are divided into three classes: alkanes (e.g. methane‚ ethane and propane) have only single bonds‚ and are said to be saturated; alkenes (e.g. ethene and propene)
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eyes. Neutralize any spilled HCl with sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) and wipe up immediately. Gasses will be released when sodium bicarbonate is added to your separatory funnel. Do not stopper funnel after the addition of sodium bicarbonate solution. Vent separatory funnel frequently while shaking. Do not vent sep funnel toward another person or yourself. Liquids may spray out while venting. Chlorinated hydrocarbons tend to be toxic materials. The target organs are the liver and kidneys.
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can fit a flask underneath. 5. Then‚ place a funnel on top of each burette. 6. Place a flask underneath both burettes. 7. Tighten both the burettes at a same level so that the same amount of liquid is added at a consistent amount of time. 8. Add two drops of phenolphthalein to each flask using a pipette. 9. When ready‚ pour one of the measuring cylinders with KOH (100%) through one of the set up apparatus so that the liquid goes through the funnel‚ through the burette and into the flask. Time
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water in a beaker. 3. After washing the 250ml volumetric flask with distilled water‚ rinse with more distilled water. 4. Transfer the solution from the beaker to a volumetric flask using a funnel. 5. Wash all traces of the solution from the beaker and funnel by rinsing the beaker and funnel thoroughly with distilled water from a wash bottle into the volumetric flask. 6. Swirl the solution in the volumetric flask but do not invert. 7. Add more distilled water until the bottom
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Introduction: The theory behind the extraction of a solution containing benzoic acid‚ cellulose‚ and methyl orange involves many components pertaining to the fundamental ideas of solubility and polarity. Using the concepts of like dissolving like and acid base reactions‚ a solution of organic acid (benzoic acid)‚ a water soluble compound cellulose‚ and an organic soluble compound methyl orange‚ can be separated and benzoic acid can be isolated by a method of extraction. At the fundamental
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Steam Distillation – Clove Oil Abstract: In this experiment‚ a situ method steam distillation was performed and essential oils were isolated from cloves. Once the oils were obtained‚ extraction techniques were used to extract a crude‚ eugenol‚ and acetyleugenol product sample. These samples were submitted for GC analysis and the normalization area percents were calculated to confirm their purity; for the crude sample it was 93.95% eugenol and 6.05% acetyleugenol‚ for the eugenol sample it
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predicted as being the ester that would be formed. Equipment * 10 ml pentanol | * condenser | * 10 ml glacial acetic acid | * Heating Mantel | * 1 ml conc. Sulfuric acid | * Funnel | * 50 ml flask | * 15ml 1molL-1 Na2CO3 | * Boiling chips | * Seperating Funnel | * Retort Stand | * Safety Glasses | Method 1. 10 ml of Pentanol‚12ml of glacial acetic acid and 1ml of concentrated sulfuric acid were placed in a 50 ml flask. 2. Added afew boiling
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enzyme‚ cellulase enzymes‚ funnels‚ filter paper‚ lab aprons‚ splash-proof goggles‚ paper towels‚ stirring rods‚ graduated cylinders‚ access to the water‚ paperclips‚ access to a stop watch‚ and access to a triple bean balance. Procedure: 1) Collect materials 2) Follow safety protocol 3) Measure 1 tablespoon of apple sauce and place it in a cup 4) Add 10 drops of pectinase to the apple sauce and stir for 1 minute 5) Line a funnel with a coffee filter‚ place funnel in a graduated cylinder‚ empty
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Laboratory Assignment: Using a Top Loading Balance 1.How is the balance turned on? To turn on the top loading balance‚ press down on the bar that is on the front of the machine. 2. Write a complete and accurate procedure for weighing a chemical on the top loading balance. To weigh a chemical using the top loading balance‚ follow these steps: a. Press the bar on the front of the machine to turn on the balance b. Wait for the digital display to read “0.00 g” (grams) c. Place a weighing paper
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It was then irradiated with stirring for 1 hour. The resulting solution was washed with sodium bisulfate (5 ml) in a seperatory funnel and shaken until de-colorization. The organic layer was washed with sodium chloride (5 ml) and transferred to a flask where sodium sulfate was added for evaporation. The remaining product was roto-vapped to produce crystals. The remaining product
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