Drying the organic solvent. The organic solvent containing the neutral compound contains some dissolved water. If the solvent were evaporated at this point‚ the resulting solid neutral compound would be wet with water and would consequently be a gooey mess and would take a long time to dry. A drying procedure is therefore necessary to remove all traces of water before the solvent is evaporated. This procedure consists of two steps: (1) thoroughly mixing the solution with saturated aqueous sodium
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Synthesis of Methyl Salicylate from Aspirin Esters are a class of organic compounds. An ester compromises an organic or inorganic acid in which one or more hydroxy (OH) groups have been replaced by and alkoxy (O-alkyl) group. For example‚ the simplest ester‚ methyl formate (CHOOCH3)‚ is made up of formic acid (CHO-OH) in which the hydroxyl group has been replaced by a methoxy group (-OCH3). Similarly‚ ethyl acetate (CH3CO-OCH2CH3) is made up of acetic acid (CH3CO-OH) in which the hydroxy group
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abandon a case rather than take it to court. There are three models that describe this and they are known as funnels‚ cakes and nets. The funnel model is based on crimes committed all the way down to convictions obtained. It starts with a wide top‚ illustrating crimes being committed‚ tapering to a narrow end illustrating convictions for crimes committed. The crimes in the top of the funnel have many different explanations to why they never make it to the narrow base. Some crimes are never reported
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under the fume hood and four drops of concentrated ammonium hydroxide solution (NH4OH) was added to it. This ensured that all of the nickel ion in the solution was precipitated as nickel dimethylglyoxime (Ni(DMG)2) when the DMG was added. The Buchner funnel filtration apparatus was assembled and the filter paper was wet with a small amount of deionized water from a wash bottle. Aspiration was
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reactants and products of the reaction. I will also determine the actual yield vs. the theoretical yield by calculating the percent yield. Materials: 1 Distilled water 1 Paper towels 1 Small paper cup 1 Coffee cup or mug 1 Beaker‚ 100 mL‚ glass 1 Funnel 1 Cylinder‚ 25 mL 1 Goggles-Safety 1 Scale-Digital-500g 1 Weighing boat‚ Plastic 1 CaCl2·2 H2O-Calcium Chloride‚ Dihydrate - 2.5 g 1 Filter Paper 12.5-cm 1 NaCO3-Sodium Carbonate - 2 g Procedure 1. Put on your goggles. 2. Weigh out 1.0 g of
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Shah Date: 31st Jan ‘13 EXPERIMENT # 2 RECRYSTALLIZATION; FILTRATION OBJECTIVES: 1. To perform recrystallization and filtration of given impure organic compound. 2. To purify impure acetanilide using reflux condenser apparatus and Hirsch funnel filtration. 3. To determine percentage recovery of pure material (which is)‚ purified by recrystallization and filtration. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS: 1. Operate the aspirator with the maximum water-flow using a stop cock to control the amount
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concentrated sulfuric acid‚ separatory funnel Procedure: 1. Place 50 mL of isopentyl alcohol in a 250 mL round bottom flask and add 60 mL of glacial acetic acid. Add the acid very slowly. 2. Swirl the flask and carefully add 8 mL of concentrated sulfuric acid. 3. Attach a reflux condenser‚ and using a heating mantel‚ reflux the mixture for 1 hour (do not forget to add boiling stones). Cool to room temperature. 4. Place the reaction mixture in a separatory funnel and add 55 mL of cold water
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benzoic acid. Objective To prepare benzoic acid from benzyl alcohol. Materials Sodium hydroxide‚ potassium permanganate‚ benzyl alcohol‚ concentrated hydrochloric acid‚ sodium sulphite‚ methyl orange solution‚ anti-bumping stone granules‚ Buchner funnel‚ 100 mL round bottom flask‚ and filter paper. Methods 1. The mass of a small empty beaker was obtained. 2. 3 mL of benzyl alcohol was transferred in to the beaker and the mass of the alcohol was weighed. 3. 2g of sodium hydroxide was dissolved in
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halogenoalkane Objective: To synthesis 2-cholo-2-methylpropane by using corresponding alcohol and HCl(aq). The reaction is via SN1 of tertiary alcohol. Techniques: i) Distillation of the reactant and the product ii) Purification by separating funnel Theory: In the experiment‚ SN1 reaction take place‚ HCl is added to initiate the reaction. The R-OH attack the H+ with the lone pair on O. Then the R-O+H2 bond breaks the release a water molecule and a carbonium ion. The Cl- will then attack
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and marketing to work together‚ not only would sales and demand generation improve‚ but efficiency would undoubtedly increase. Due to the current operational model in place with these departments‚ each has their own systems and processes (funnels) that are un-related and unaligned. There are no established objectives or common goals that the departments share and‚ as a result‚ there is a complete lack of systematic devices/models for executing sales and increasing demand cooperatively. From
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