Conversion of Alcohols to Alkyl Halides Title: Conversion of Alcohols to Alkyl Halides Abstract: In this experiment the conversion of alcohols to alkyl halides are investigated through reflux and simple distillation. These are common procedures used to separate substances. After the reflux and distillation is complete 13C NMR and IR spectrum is used to identify the product or products for each reaction: 1a‚ 1b‚ and 2. Every individual in the group was assigned either 1a (1-propanol) or 1b (2-pentanol)
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Gauss-Jordan Matrix Elimination -This method can be used to solve systems of linear equations involving two or more variables. However‚ the system must be changed to an augmented matrix. -This method can also be used to find the inverse of a 2x2 matrix or larger matrices‚ 3x3‚ 4x4 etc. Note: The matrix must be a square matrix in order to find its inverse. An Augmented Matrix is used to solve a system of linear equations. a1 x + b1 y + c1 z = d1 a 2 x + b2 y + c 2 z = d 2 a3 x + b3 y + c3 z = d 3
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Experiment #7 Fall 2014 Dehydration of an alcohol NAME Nick Weinberger POSTLAB 1. Show the mechanism for the dehydration of -tetralol under conditions employed in the lab. Show all intermediates‚ and show electron flow with arrows. 2. What general mechanism most likely applies to this reaction (SN2‚ E2 etc)? E1 3. Why was acid employed in this reaction? The acid was used to protonate the leaving group (OH) to form water which is a much better leaving
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Title: Competing Nucleophiles (Exp 24‚ pp 211-221‚ pp 808-823‚ pp 836-842) Purpose: The purpose of this experiment is to determine the nucleophilic strength of chloride and bromide ions as it reacts with 1-butanol (n-butyl) and 2-methyl-2-propanol (t-butyl alcohol) under SN1 and SN2 conditions. Method: 40 g of ice and approximately 30 ml of sulfuric acid is cautiously added to a 100 mL beaker respectively. Weigh 7.6 g of ammonium chloride and 14.0 g of ammonium bromide and place it in
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Statement of Purpose II In life there is the path imagined & the path followed. The difference between these two paths is our experience. My experience on the path to becoming a Registered Nurse began in the fall of 1998 at West Chester University. For as long as I could recall I was possessed of an unmitigated passion for taking care of others. This passion‚ I was sure‚ this joy I found in helping others that seemed so much a part of who I was‚ would propel me through my undergraduate classes
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least one carbon-carbon double bond‚ are important functional groups in natural and synthetic compounds. One method that they can be synthesized is through elimination reactions‚ which form alkenes with the net loss of a leaving group and an H+ on an alpha carbon. Atoms must be attached to adjacent carbons in order to be eliminated. Elimination reactions occur most commonly through E1 and E2 mechanisms. The specific mechanism that occurs depends on various conditions. The various conditions include
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Summary of Chapter 11 Material SN2 Reaction Substrate: NO SN2 ON A TERTIARY HALOALKANE!! order of reactivity is as follows: Methyl > 1 > 2 Sterically less hindered substrates have faster rates in SN2 Nucleophile: If the reacting atom is the same in a series‚ nucleophilicity parallels basicity (i.e. -OH > -OCH3 > -OCH2CH3 > H2O) For the halogens in GAS PHASE: F- > Cl- > Br- > IFor the halogens in SOLUTION: I- > Br- > Cl- > F- (due to solvation of nucleophile‚ rendering it inactive) Negatively
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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal (GI) disorder in developed nations including the USA. This disorder is characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. IBS also affect the large intestine (colon). This commonly causes cramping‚ bloating‚ gas‚ diarrhea and constipation. You will need to manage this condition long term because it is chronic. Some people can control their symptoms by managing diet‚ lifestyle‚ and stress. Others will need medication and counseling
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O H H2O‚ H2SO4 HgSO4 O H OH I a) b) c) d) I II III IV II III IV 8. What is the major organic product obtained from the following reaction? Li NH3 Na I II III IV NH2 a) b) c) d) I II III IV 3 9. In the following elimination reaction‚ the product(s) of the reaction is(are) CH3O- Na+ 2-bromohexane CH3OH a) b) c) d) e) CH3CH2CH2CHCHCH3 CH3CH2CH2CH2CHCH2 An equimolar mixture of a and b. A mixture of the major product a with the minor product b. A mixture of the
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Kinetics of an SN1 reaction: the effect of solvent on rate Object The purpose of this experiment is to determine the rate of hydrolysis in acetone/water (50/50 v/v and 60/40 v/v). Background and Theory An SN1 reaction of tert-butyl chloride takes place in two steps. First‚ the Alkyl Halide will leave the molecule. In this step the bond is breaking‚ which takes a longer amount of time‚ so it will determine the rate of the reaction. As a result‚ it forms a tertiary carbocation‚ since this
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