Variances Variances can be either: * Positive/favourable (better than expected) or * Adverse/unfavourable ( worse than expected) A favourable variance might mean that: * Costs were lower than expected in the budget‚ or * Revenue/profits were higher than expected By contrast‚ an adverse variance might arise because: * Costs were higher than expected * Revenue/profits were lower than expected What causes budget variance? There are four key reasons and it is important that
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INTRODUCTION “Benchmarking is a way to go backstage and watch another company’s performance From the wings‚ where all the stage tricks and hurried realignments are visible” Method of improving business performance by learning from others. 2 BENCHMARKING: WHAT IS IT? Main emphasis is not on “best performance” but on improving a given business operation or a process by exploiting “best practices” “Benchmarking is a process of identifying‚ understanding and adapting outstanding practices and processes
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really enjoyed reading your post about Apple being in an industry that depends on the process of benchmarking. I would also agree that Apples take no prisoner approach is one of the reasons in which the company is so successful in their particular industry. Apple is one of the leaders in the consumer electronics industry. Apple as a company strives on making various programs and devices convenient for it’s customers. From the making of Mac computers and IPhones‚ Apples exemplifies being a
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The choice of processes should be in line with the institution’s profile‚ mission and organisational developments. In all cases‚ it is crucial to have a clear understanding of problems and‚ based on needs‚ to prioritise them‚ so that a realistic benchmarking exercise with adequate resources can be launched. http://www.education-benchmarking.org/old/iframed/page/get/?id=17 Step 1: Identify Opportunities and Prioritize (What to Benchmark) – The involvement of top management in this particular
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Topic Summary: Benchmarking Processes http://tutor2u.net/business/strategy/benchmarking.htm Advantages and Disadvantages of Benchmarking. (n.d.). Find Science & Technology Articles‚ Education Lesson Plans‚ Tech Tips‚ Computer Hardware & Software Reviews‚ News and More at Bright Hub. Retrieved September 6‚ 2012‚ from http://www.brighthub.com/office/entrepreneurs/articles/82292.aspx The Benchmarking Process Benchmarking involves looking outward (outside a particular business‚ organization
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ROI and Variance Analysis ROI and Variance Analysis What are the four major budgets of a health care organization? Briefly discuss each. Describe the four types of responsibility centers‚ including the characteristics of each? The revenue center represents the organizational link in which the activity is appreciated. The cost center represents the organizational link in which products/ services are obtained which generate expenses (costs) with the help of which there can be measured the efficiency
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BUDGET MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS To have a basis in illustrating the analysis of variance or difference between budgeted and actual figures‚ the budget of a sampled (unknown) company was utilized (http://www.smallbusinessnotes.com/business-finances/budgeting-systems.html). | | | | | | | | |
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Cost Variance Analysis Presented by : Edmund C. Cabrera MBA Student Universidad de Manila Definitions STANDARD COSTS – are predetermined or target unit costs of production which should be attained under efficient conditions. It is the amount and costs of direct material‚ direct labor‚ and factory overhead required to produce one unit of finished product. STANDARD COST SYSTEM – is an accounting system which uses standard costs rather than actual costs to account for units as they flow through
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Answer- 1: Answer- 1 India was a closed economy in the beginning. Policy banning imports. The Liberalization of India’s Government in 1991. New Industrial Policy. Strict policies regarding the entry of foreign brands. Trade rules & regulations simplified. Foreign investment increased. Pepsi enters in 1986. Coca-Cola follows in 1993. Contd … Slide 14: Unlawful to market under their Western name in India Pepsi became “Lehar Pepsi”. Coca-Cola merged with Parle and became “Coca-Cola India”. Different
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True False 7. A cost variance is the difference between actual cost and standard cost. True False 8. A budget performance report that includes variances can have variances caused by both price differences and quantity differences. True False 9. A cost variance equals the sum of the quantity variance and the price variance. True False 10. When computing a price variance‚ the price is held constant. True False 11. Within the same budget performance report‚ it is impossible
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