total market value for each item 5. Compare recorded cost of each inventory item with its replacement cost. List lower of cost or market. 6. Adjust inventory downward when market is less than cost. Physical flow and Cost flow of goods -Perishable items must have an actual physical flow of FIFO -Physical flow is focused on the actual movement of goods -Cost flow is an assumption about which goods/items are sold. -A business may adopt any cost flow assumption when accounting for perishable items. Determine
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The theory behind a community of practice was first introduced by Jean Lave and Etienne Wenger (1991). Firstly described within their novel Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation (1992)‚ yet their theory was not noticeably defined until Penelope Eckert (2006) gave this theory the title community of practice. Eckert defines a community of practice as “a collection of people who engage in an ongoing basis in some common endeavor” (Eckert‚ 2006) which is exactly what we see within the
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293 CHAPTERS A HISTORICO-COMPARATIVE STUDY OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND EMPLOYMENT EQUITY IN SOUTH AFRICA A historico-comparative study of Affirmative Action and Employment Equity in South Africa is important for a number of reasons. Firstly‚ it draws attention to the history of the country highlighting the fact that the present-day South Africa is deeply rooted in historical "myths and misrepresentations‚ divisions and conflict" (Hartshorne‚ 1992: 20-21). Secondly‚ an historical
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Solution sto Chapter 2 Problems Accounting Judgements Questions 1. Accounting principles include: (a) Underlying assumptions – basic underlying assumptions that make accounting possible. (b) Qualitative criteria – standards to judge policy choices in conjunction with reporting objectives. (c) Measurement methods – ways to measure results and financial position. 2. The importance of establishing a document such as the IASB’s Framework is that this material helps standard setters when
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Chapter 5: DISCIPLINE 1. Definition. a. According to the dictionary‚ discipline is: 1. Training that is expected to produce a specific character or pattern of behavior‚ especially training that produces moral or mental improvement. 2. Controlled behavior resulting from disciplinary training. 3. A systematic method to obtain obedience. 4. A state of order based upon submission to rules and authority. 5. To train by instruction and control. b. Discipline is a learned behavior. It is much more than
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Theory of Accounts 1. The fundamental qualitative characteristic of faithful representation has the components of a. Predictive value and confirmatory value b. Comparability‚ consistency‚ and confirmatory value c. Understandability‚ predictive value‚ and reliability d. Completeness‚ neutrality‚ and freedom from error 2. The amount reported as “Cash” on a company’s balance sheet normally should exclude a. Postdated checks that are payable to the company b. Cash in a payroll account c. Undelivered
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Journal of Financial Economics 60 (2001) 187}243 The theory and practice of corporate "nance: evidence from the "eldଝ John R. Graham ‚ Campbell R. Harvey * Fuqua School of Business‚ Duke University‚ Durham‚ NC 27708‚ USA National Bureau of Economic Research‚ Cambridge‚ MA 02912‚ USA Received 2 August 1999; received in revised form 10 December 1999 Abstract We survey 392 CFOs about the cost of capital‚ capital budgeting‚ and capital structure. Large "rms rely heavily on present value
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Theory and practice of supervision Supervision theories and practices began emerging as soon as counsellors started to train other counsellors (Bernard & Goodyear‚ 2009). Several different theoretical models have developed to clarify and support counselling supervision. The focus of early models of supervision had generally been based on counselling theories (such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy‚ Adlerian or client-centred)‚ but these orientation-specific models have begun to be challenged as supervision
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Individual Essay The management theory and practice has changed over since the early 1900’s‚ while the economy developed. With the globalization and technology be used widely‚ the environment became more competitive. The social institutions feel pressure to face a new challenge. The management system should be innovated into the new conditions and challenges management and the new management made workplace more productive. The old management evolved from classical management approaches to modern
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Part A: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING & FINANCIAL ACCOUNT 1. Managerial Accounting: The activity involves ‘decision making’ whether to purchase parts already assembled or individual parts. 2. Financial Accounting: It shows that the President is reminding Aminah to prepare a presentation stating an income statement and balance sheet information for last year‚ which the information already exist. 3. Managerial Accounting: Planning‚ controlling‚ evaluating and continuous
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