Cellular Energetics Study Guide 1. Overall Metabolism a. Oxidation – a molecule LOSSES hydrogen‚ energy is RELEASED b. Reduction – a molecule GAINS hydrogen‚ energy is GAINED and stored (the more reduced a molecule is‚ the more energy is stored in its COVALENT BONDS) *** Always occur in a coupled pair (RED-OX)*** c. Electron Carriers i. Oxidizing Agents: are REDUCED to OXIDIZE another molecule 1. NAD+ - oxidizes glucose to 2 pyruvate in glycolysis
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Toothpix=Bonds 7. Ribbons to make amino acids 8. Nucleotide puzzle (part 2) Procedure: 1. CARBOHYDRATES 1. Build this portion of the glucose molecule (Monosaccharide: Glucose: C6H12O6) 2. Now build a second molecule and place besides the 1st (Two monosaccharides: Two Glucose: C6H12O6) 3. Remove the HYDROXYL group (-OH) from 1 glucose molecule and the hydrogen part of the HYDROXYL group from the other. (H2O is a byproduct) and (Disaccharide: Maltose: C12H22O11 is formed)
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carbon dioxide | Pyruvate (from glycolysis) is fermented into lactic acid. It also occurs in animal muscles when the tissue requires energy at a faster rate than oxygen can be supplied | Net Chemical Equation | C6H12O6 (glucose) → 2 C2H5OH (ethanol) + 2 CO2 (carbon dioxide) | C6H12O6 (glucose) → 2 CH3CHOHCOOH (lactic acid) | Economic importance | Beer‚ wine and bread production | Yogurt production | Table 3. Metabolic processes involved in cellular respiration and the specific
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Mass) of a Compound 2 hydrogen atoms (atomic mass – 1) 2 * 1 = 2 1 oxygen atom (atomic mass – 16) 1 * 16 = 16 Molecular mass = 18 * Calculating the Molecular Mass (Formula Mass) of a Compound * The molecular mass of glucose‚ C6H12O6‚ can be calculated as follows: 6 carbon atoms (atomic mass – 12) 6 * 12 = 72 12 hydrogen atoms (atomic mass - 1 ) 12 * 1 = 12 6 oxygen atoms (atomic mass – 16) 6 * 16 = 96 Molecular Mass = 180 * Calculating the
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were no plants? Read on the find out why plants are truly the cornerstone of life. Model 1: An Overview of Photosynthesis and Chloroplast Structure 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 Site of the Calvin cycle‚ or light independent reactions 6 H 2O + 6 CO2 Contains chlorophyll. This is the site of the light dependent reactions 6 O2 Glucose (C6H12O6) moved to the leaf for transport 1. Which part of the chloroplast contains chlorophyll? 2. Where does the CO2 go? 3. Where is the energy from the sunlight used
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any differences in the rate of metabolism of a dried yeast culture with differing carbohydrate sources? In the current practical that was undertaken the growth rate of yeast (S. cerevisiae) with differing carbohydrates sources : Glucose (C6H12O6)‚ Fructose (C6H12O6)‚ Lactose (C12H22O11)‚ Xylitol “(CHOH)3(CH2OH)2” and Water (H2O) as a Control were observed. “ Yeast are single-celled fungi which consist of more than one thousand different species which have been identified. The most commonly used yeast
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and H2O. The equation describing the process of photosynthesis is: 6CO2 + 12H2O + light energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O2+ 6H2O C6H12O6 is glucose. Water appears on both sides of the equation because 12 molecules of water are consumed‚ and 6 molecules are newly formed during photosynthesis. We can simplify the equation by showing only the net consumption of water: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O2 The overall chemical change during photosynthesis is the
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Faculty of Science and Mathematics Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris LABORATORY REPORT SBF1013: GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY Semester 1 Session 2012/2013 LABORATORY 7b: Photosynthesis (Starch production during photosynthesis) PREPARED BY: EVA KHO JIUN TYNG E20111002619 YII YUANN CHI E20111002618 LIM SHIU MAN E20111002628 GAYTHIRI A/P SEENEE E20111002635 LAAVANYA A/P NYANASAIGRAN E20111002578 KAVITHIRAKASWIN A/P KUMARCHELVAN E20111002632 BAAVITHRA A/P GOPAL KISHNAM E20111002590
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oxidation of the sugar is very exothermic‚ sodium chlorate continues to decompose to oxygen‚ and the rate of combustion becomes very rapid. The chemical equations for this demo are: 2KClO3(s) ( 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g) C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O The heat from the Bunsen burner is used to increase the rate of reaction. The glowing splint will re-light once there is a presence of oxygen‚ meaning that the decomposition reaction of KClO3 has begun. Because this
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Chapter 3: Cell Structure Notes The cell is the basic unit of biologic organization of the human body Protoplasm: an aqueous colloidal solution of carbohydrates‚ proteins‚ lipids‚ nucleic acids‚ and inorganic salts surrounded by a limiting cell membrane Cells in our respiratory tract produce mucus to trap dust and microorganisms that get past the hairs in our nose then move the material to our throat to be swallowed and passed out through the digestive system The most prominent structure in the
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