Subject: Financial Management Chapter no. 11: Capital Budgeting Chapter No. 11 – Capital Budgeting Contents ♦ Capital budgets as opposed to revenue budgets ♦ Different kinds of capital budgets – non-productive assets‚ improving operating efficiency and capital projects ♦ Choosing capital projects – Conventional and Discounted Cash Flow techniques ♦ Payback period‚ Discounted payback period‚ Net Present Value‚ Internal Rate of Return‚ Profitability Index methods ♦ Assumptions underlying different
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each source. In order to make effective decisions and coordinate the decisions and actions of the various departments‚ a business needs to have a plan for its operations. Planning the financial operations of a business is called budgeting. Although budgeting allows the organization to plan their work and work towards their plan‚ it also has both advantages as well shortcomings that can affect an organization’s progress. The main advantage of a budget is it compels management to think about the
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plan for the efficient operation of the organization". The overall goal of financial management is to meet the total financial needs of the organization. Budgeting: is the planning function of financial management. The budget translates operational plans into monetary terms. Budget: is defined as "a written financial plan aimed at controlling the allocation of resources" - Or "a statement of expected expenses and revenues over a specific period of time". Expenses: are defined as "the costs
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UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION TO DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM The impact of computer technology on organization and society is increasing as new technologies evolve and existing technologies expand. Interaction and cooperation between people and machines is rapidly growing to cover more and more aspects of organizational activities. Thus‚ computerized systems assist managers in building‚ analyzing‚ and utilizing models‚ graphs and charts‚ managing time and projects‚ electronically writing and transmitting
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understand the social interaction with the head of the company is called superior-subordinate communication. The meaning of superior-subordinate communication refers to the interactions between organizational leaders and their subordinates and how they work together to achieve personal and organizational goals. (Jablin ‚ 1979) From this case‚ upward communication is applied when subordinate is trying to approach his superior with the mess he made. Upward communication is the process of transmitting
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Introduction What Is A Budget? "A budget is a plan." More specifically‚ a budget is a plan of action matched by resources required to implement the plan. Budgets generally divide between two broad categories: the operating budget‚ sometimes known as the "expense" budget and the capital budget. Budget in simple word means a sum of money allocated for a particular purpose. Budget is there in everyone’s life‚ it may be a small or a big one. Budget is a tool which helps in controlling and planning the
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Q1.Based on the 2004 statement of profit and loss data (Exhibits 1 and 2)‚ do you agree with Water’s decision to keep product 103? In order to support an opinion on the side we decided to analyze all the probable scenarios. If the company management decided that it is better to stop the production of product 103‚ they could do this in one of the following manners: 1. Stop production and any business related to product 103. 2. Stop production but outsource it to another company and continue
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Budget management analysis is commonly used by mangers as a tool helping to make sure that all resources in existence get put to use correctly. The budgets are determined annually because they are determined by the preceding year’s budget and differences. Budgets can be controlled by specific techniques to control budgets within prediction‚ consider five to seven expense results with budget anticipations‚ explain possible factors that cause fluctuations‚ present ways to keep results associated with
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Budgets provide a means for planning the financial future and play a vital role for planning. Budgets simultaneously make managers construct and implement plans‚ contribute useful information for improved decision making‚ provide a standard to administer performance evaluation‚ and enhance organization and communication. An essential component of the budgeting system is control. Control periodically takes actual results and budgeted results and compares the two. It also allows for managers to
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|| Decision Support and Expert Systems|Assignment #1 | || Introduction The following are responses to the questions for assignment #1: Review Question 6: Why is management often equated with decision-making? Management is described as “a process by which organizational goals are achieved using resources” such as people (labor)‚ capital‚ and equipment (technology); these resources must be allocated to achieve organizational goals. The degree to which management is successful is dependent
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