Question 1: 2D1-LS02 Which of the following items is not an example of a capital expenditure? A ventilation system upgrade for EPA compliance. Project bonuses paid to employees. Purchase of a new assembly machine that will cut labor and maintenance costs. Purchase of a new computer server for the research and development group. Long-term capital budget expenditures are often grouped in one of the following categories: new machines and equipment intended for expansion‚ replacement of existing
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Capital Budgeting Decision Process 1. Introduction The maximization of shareholder wealth can be achieved through dividend policy and increasing share price of the mark value. In order to derive more profits‚ our company shall invest potential investments which always cover a number of years. Those investments involve substantial initial outlay at the outset and the process. The management is responsible to participate in the process of planning‚ analyzing‚ evaluating‚ selecting
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Capital budgeting is the process of evaluating and selecting long-term investments that are in line with the goal of investors’ wealth maximization. When a business makes a capital investment (assets such as equipment‚ building‚ land etc.) it incurs a cash outlay in the expectation of future benefits. The expected benefits generally extend beyond one year in the future. Out of different investment proposals available to a business‚ it has to choose a proposal that provides the best return and the
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9-204-109 REV: OCTOBER 23‚ 2006 MIHIR DESAI Globalizing the Cost of Capital and Capital Budgeting at AES In June 2003‚ Rob Venerus‚ director of the newly created Corporate Analysis & Planning group at The AES Corporation‚ thumbed through the five-inch stack of financial results from subsidiaries and considered the breadth and scale of AES. In the 12 years since it had gone public‚ AES had become a leading independent supplier of electricity in the world with more than $33 billion in assets
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Introduction The time value of money is an important concept in financial management. It can be used to compare investment alternatives and to solve problems involving loans‚ mortgages‚ leases‚ savings‚ and annuities. The time value of money can be defined as the value of money received today instead of in the future. This is based on the premise that cash in hand today is more valuable than the same amount in the future due to its capability of earning interest. For investors‚ this is single most
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or capital budgeting decision. The answer to the second is the firm’s financing decision. The financial managers have responsibility to do that. And one of significant tools that financial managers use is time value of money. It indicates the value of money figuring in a given amount of interest earned over a given amount of time. From the future or present value of a cash flow‚ financial managers will decide which investment projects are optimal. To understand more about time value of money
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Prepared for The Journal of Applied Corporate Finance Vol. 15‚ No. 1‚ 2002 How do CFOs make capital budgeting and capital structure decisions?1 John R. Graham Associate Professor of Finance‚ Fuqua School of Business‚ Duke University‚ Durham‚ NC 27708 USA Campbell R. Harvey Professor of Finance‚ Fuqua School of Business‚ Duke University‚ Durham‚ NC 27708 USA National Bureau of Economic Research‚ Cambridge‚ MA 02912 USA March 8‚ 2002 1A longer and more detailed version of this paper is published
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Time Value of Money Time Value of Money (TVM) is an economic theory that suggests the idea that money available today is more valuable now versus the future. Three reasons for TVM are inflation‚ risk and liquidity (Investopedia‚ 2008). As a result‚ borrowers charge interest to ensure that the value of their money is not eroded by inflation. Inflation is an increase in the cost of goods and services provided. Risk is the possibility that an investment may yield different results than the results
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Table of Contents A. The Time Value of Money Concept B. Different Investment Instruments ¥ Return Versus Risk ¥ Money Market Instruments 1- Treasury Bills 2- Bank Deposits 3- Commercial Paper ¥ Capital Market Instruments 1- Bonds 2- Preferred Stock 3- Common Stock C. Methods Used by Firms to Raise Funds ¥ Short Term Debt ¥ Long Term Debt ¥ Bond Funding ¥ Equity Funding D. Price Fluctuations: Why Prices Move? E. Invest Directly in The Stock Market Or Indirectly in Mutual Funds Or Make Use of Portfolio
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The Basic Law in Finance Time Value of Money We earn money to spend it and we save money to spend it in the future. However‚ for most people spending money in the present time is more desirable since the future is unknown. We can gratify the desire to spend money today rather than in the future by knowing the basic law in finance time value of money. This means that a dollar today is worth more than a dollar at some time in the future. Unfortunately‚ people very often want to buy things
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