Capital Structure Decisions: Which Factors are Reliably Important? Murray Z. Frank1 and Vidhan K. Goyal2 First draft: March 14‚ 2003. Current draft: December 20‚ 2003. ABSTRACT This paper examines the relative importance of 38 factors in the leverage decisions of publicly traded U.S. firms from 1950 to 2000. The most reliable factors are median industry leverage (+ effect on leverage)‚ market-to-book ratio (-)‚ collateral (+)‚ bankruptcy risk as measured by Altman’s Z-Score (-)‚ dividend-paying
Premium Asset Balance sheet Debt
Kale et al (1991) suggests that the level of risk is one of the main determinants of a firm`s capital structure. By looking at the trade off theory we might expect a negative association when risk and leverage are concerned. If firms have high earnings volatility‚ for some obvious reasons‚ they would not want to indulge in debt financing. It follows that when firms are exposed to bankruptcy and agency costs greater is the incentive to reduce the level of debt otherwise the more volatile a firm`s
Premium Finance Debt Corporate finance
Capital Structure and Profit Capital Structure Definition A unite of a company’s long-term debt‚ specific short-term debt‚ common equity and preferred equity. The capital structure is how a firm finances its overall operations and growth by using different sources of funds. Debt comes in the form of bond issues or long-term notes payable‚ whereas equity is classified as common stock‚ preferred stock or retained earnings. Also‚ Short-term debt such as working capital requirements is considered
Premium Finance
Capital Structure Practice Problems 1. Hayfin Enterprises has the following operating results and capital structure: Hayfin Enterprises ($000s) | | | Financial Data | | Revenue | $ 6‚000 | Operating Expenses | $ (4‚500) | EBIT (Operating Profit) | $ 1‚500 | | | Debt | $ 1‚200 | Equity | $ 8‚800 | Total Capital | $ 10‚000 | Interest rate on debt = 9% Share price = $25 (MV = BV) The firm is contemplating
Premium Finance Debt Stock market
attorney’s fees and costs. On March 9‚ 2010‚ the 11th Senate of the German Federal Supreme Court ruled in the plaintiff’s favor in one of these cases‚ and held Pershing liable for a German broker-dealer’s tortious acts. In subsequent cases‚ the Supreme Court continued to rule in the plaintiffs’ favor. In December 2011‚ Pershing settled the majority of the cases. Lyondell Litigation As previously disclosed‚ in an action filed in New York State Supreme Court for New York County‚ on Sept. 14‚ 2010‚ plaintiffs
Premium Derivative Derivatives Foreign exchange market
Du Pont Case Study Capital Structure Statement of the Problem Determine a capital structure policy suitable for Du Pont in the 1980s and beyond. This paper will consider the history of the company and the turbulent times of the 1960s and 1970s‚ weigh the advantages and disadvantages associated with higher and lower levels of debt‚ and develop a strategy for the future after the merger with Conoco Inc. in 1983. Executive Summary Du Pont has been historically known for its
Premium Finance Corporate finance
Value of the Firm‚ Market Value of Equity‚ Return Rate on Capital and the Optimal Capital Structure Chao Chiung Ting Michigan State University‚ USA E-mail: tingtch7ti@aol.com Received: September 4‚ 2012 doi:10.5430/ijfr.v3n4p1 Abstract The firm should pursue both maximum return rate on capital and maximum return rate on equity simultaneously. Maximum return rate on capital is the primary goal for firms because maximum return rate on capital guarantees efficiency. Therefore‚ maximum profit‚ maximum
Premium Finance Weighted average cost of capital Economics
Case #33 California Pizza Kitchen Synopsis and Objectives This case examines the question of financial leverage at California Pizza Kitchen (CPK) in July 2007. With a highly profitable business and an aversion to debt‚ CPK management is considering a debt-financed stock buyback program. The case is intended to provide an introduction to the Modigliani-Miller capital structure irrelevance propositions and the concept of debt tax shields. With the background of a pizza company‚ the case provides
Premium Finance Weighted average cost of capital Capital structure
Business Research‚ vol. 4‚ 2002 This article is brought to you by www.bdresearch.org A Comparison of Capital Structures Among MNCs and Local Companies in Bangladesh Javed Siddiqui* M. Zillur Rahman** Abstract: Prior studies in capital structure have attempted at establishing relationships between profitability and level of gearing. This study attempts at presenting a comparison of capital structures between MNCs and local blue chip companies enlisted with the DSE. The study concludes that the level
Premium Finance Capital structure Corporate finance
this course is to develop decision-making ability based on Corporate Finance theory. Hence‚ it combines lectures with case analysis. The course and the cases deal with selected topics in Corporate Finance such as valuation‚ capital budgeting‚ cost of capital‚ mergers and acquisitions‚ capital structure policy‚ and warrant and convertible use and valuation. The purpose of the cases is not to introduce these topics‚ but to further examine the theoretical concepts and models of finance and how they
Premium Corporate finance Capital structure Finance