Pypelincks. Born the son of a lawyer and educated at a Jesuit school in Antwerp‚ Flanders‚ Rubens learned classical and modern languages. He spent the years 1600 to 1608 studying and working in Italy. Returning to Antwerp‚ he continued to travel as both courtier and painter. His repeated visits to Madrid‚ Paris‚ and London allowed him to negotiate treaties while accepting royal commissions for art. One of Rubens’ major innovations in procedure‚ which many later artists have followed‚ was his use of small
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sexual intercourse with the wives of his friends‚ and then publicly humiliated them by issuing a divorce. Empress Valeria Messalina‚ the wife of Claudius I‚ also lived a notoriously dissolute life‚ having scandalous affairs with numberless palace courtiers‚ entertainers and soldiers when her husband was conquering Europe. Such absurd and ridiculous love life of ancient Roman aristocrats lead us
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Of all the characters in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet‚ Fortinbras is perhaps the strangest. He is barely seen and speaks little. Other characters often speak of him in low tones. Oddly enough‚ though‚ Fortinbras is a stabilizing force in the action of the play and he also functions as a framing device for the play itself. He makes his presence known only at the beginning‚ middle and end. First and foremost‚ Fortinbras is a soldier from Norway. Early in the play‚ the reader learns there is a history
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import equipment and technology from overseas‚ because they lacked of associated technology and technical expertise at home (p436). Compare with the high price of foreign brands‚ Galanz chose to set the low price to gain the market share with western courtiers’ competitors. They controlled the cost lower than their competitors‚ because they had “an abundant supply of cheap labor and land” (p436). During the development of Galanz‚ it gained more market share by low price strategy. In order to be the top
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From the appearance of the Ghost at the beginning of the play to the deadly conclusion‚ the notion of death is constantly visited. Hamlet’s encounter with the gravedigger serves as a forum for Shakespeare to elaborate on the nature of death and as a turning point in Hamlet’s character. In Hamlet‚ the gravedigger and changing mood of the encounter serve to move Hamlet and the reader closer to the realization that death is inevitable and universal. The encounter is essential to the plot‚ in that it
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Mexican Independence In New Spain‚ the Bourbon monarchies in 1808-1810 encouraged some creoles leaders to strike for total independence under the cover of Ferdinand. On July 1808‚ Napoleon’s capture of Charles the VI and Ferdinand the VII‚ and capture of Spain reached Mexico causing intense debate between Mexican elites. Creoles and Peninsulars prepared to take power and ensure their group would have power over the other; New Spain‚ like other Spanish colonies‚ went through the crisis of the Bourbon
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When we hear the word knight‚ we imagine Arthurian-tales of glorious battles between men and dragons‚ fierce jousting competitions‚ rivalries between kingdoms‚ and knightly chivalry. Several of these tales center on the bravery of knights against mighty foes or on their ability to resist earthly temptations. Sir Gawain is the nephew of King Arthur and is a knight of the round table. He appears in more Arthurian-tales than any other knight and is known as the ideal that all knights should strive for
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Unit 9 William Shakespeare: comedies‚ historical plays‚ tragedies The Metaphysical Poets I. Types of plays with Shakespeare A. Comedies: they start with a conflict (agon) in a world/space perceived as imperfect‚ the comic brings about chaos that has a potential tragic quality which is sorted out with a marriage ( a return to harmony and togetherness) that suggests the beginning of a better world. Types of humour/comic: language‚ situation‚ character‚ manner‚ gags The mechanism of laughter
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The powerful writings of Christine de Pizan‚ in her works such as “The Book of the City of Ladies‚” have created much debate on the nature of her writings and her‚ as an author. Shelia Delany in “’Mothers to Think Back Through’: Who Are They? The Ambiguous Example of Christine de Pizan” analyzes how Christine de Pizan‚ by the standards of her time‚ is mislabeled as “a reformer or proto feminist” when she rather seems “at best a contradictory figure”(Delany 315). Although Pizan may display opposing
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-all the courtiers had treated Tom with respect and passed him his clothes one by one in the mornings [pg 53] -when Tom called off the death sentence to the man accused of poisoning‚ he was looked upon as intelligent and they admired him [pg 65] history - -Tom was
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