There is a runaway trolley barreling down the railway tracks. Ahead on the tracks there are five people tied up and unable to move. The trolley is headed straight for them. You are some distance off the tracks on a footbridge standing next to a very large or fat man; we will call him the portly fella. You can push the man off the bridge‚ and his body will fall onto the tracks and stop the trolley from killing the five people‚ but will kill the portly fella. You have two options: (1) Do nothing
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you care or want to be a good person. This refers back to hypothetical and categorical‚ where hypothetical oughts are possible if we have desires rather than categorical ought where it is possible due to reason (EMP 128-129). The “ought” implies that the ultimate aim of rational beings is to become perfectly moral. If we ought to work then we can become perfect and it can be possible. Kant believes using the Categorical Imperative is best‚ because it expresses to act only according to that maxim
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From the origin of Western philosophical thought‚ there has always been an interest in moral laws . As Hume points out in A Treatise of Human Nature‚ ¡§morality is a subject that interests us above all others.¡¨ Originally‚ thoughts of how to live were centered on the issue of having the most satisfying life with ¡§virtue governing one¡¦s relations to others¡¨‚ as written by J. B. Schneewind in Modern Moral Philosophy. Nevertheless‚ the view that there is one way to live that is best for everyone
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Kant and Duty Ethics In this paper I will first go into a detailed review of Kant’s second formulation of the first categorical imperative. I will explain in depth what the second formulation means and how Kant came to take on a philosophical position such as this. Next‚ I will describe the two most pertinent and grounded critiques that Feldman has regarding the second formulation. Then I will defend Kant’s formulation from these critiques. Finally I will summarize the above information and conclude
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of Kant’s ethical theory is a person should not use another as a means to satisfy a personal desire and that morality is based on universal rules much like what is referred as the Golden Rule. The principles of Kantianism have hypothetical and categorical imperatives. We have a duty to ourselves and to others and while we have the ability to rationalize‚ our actions are not always rational. When using another as a means it should be without coercion or lying and the end should be such that they would
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morality is a categorical imperative‚ this is a duty which must always be obeyed in all possible situations. A categorical imperative is what is needed to find what is right or wrong. Kant argued that to act morally is to do one’s duty‚ and one’s duty is to obey the moral law. Kant also believe that there was no room for emotion. Kant believe that categorical imperative helps us to know which actions are obligatory and which are forbidden. There are three principles within the categorical imperatives
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Kantism is a theory of duties. According to Kant‚ human will is a good will because we can make decisions based on the reason alone and our morality is grounded in logical reasoning. Today‚ I spent the day making decisions as if I was a Kantian. It was definitely a challenging day. We had a chemistry assignment due on Monday. One of my friends asked me for help with a question. Even after sending the answer and explaining how I got the answer‚ she was not able to understand it. Although I had a
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(2012) morality or the good is the personal choice of every human being and is not connected to any external forces such as laws or rules. In addition‚ the main discrepancy in the views of the philosophers lies in Kant’s perception of moral laws as categorical imperatives that do not have any purpose behind‚ and Aristotle’s view of good actions as means of achieving happiness. For Aristotle‚ happiness is impossible without the complete virtue‚ which in combination with a complete life leads to happiness
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There are two categorical imperatives. The first categorical imperative stated that act according to the maxim by which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law. A maxim is the rule or principle on which you act. For example‚ I might make it my maxim to give at
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Kant proposes an ethical system in which an individual forms maxim‚ subjective principles of action‚ from which the principle of the categorical imperative is derived. This categorical imperative is the supreme moral law‚ and according to Kant‚ it is absolute. For example‚ a maxim like “I must not lie” might be extrapolated into the imperative “Do not lie” according to Kant’s formulation. However‚ the concept of absolute moral law faces a problem in a case in which multiple moral laws run counter
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