of the least developed countries in the world. To bring about desired change in the socio-economic field‚ the role of the banks cannot be over emphasized. Agriculture‚ commerce and industry provide the bulk of countries wealth‚ without adequate banking facilities none of these can flourish. In international trade of country‚ the role of a bank is simply indispensable. Banks also contribute toward the development of capital market of a country. The development of agriculture is also largely dependent
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“Global reach and local know how ’ investment banks and globalization.” “Investment banks are facing many challenges‚ not least the need to become global in scope and ambition‚ but local in understanding and execution”. (Comments on the article by Anshu Jain‚ head of Deutsche Bank’s Global Markets Division). In the article the main though is represented by a statement that: “We cannot easily talk about alternatives to globalisation in investment banking; only of the different strategies
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Lecture 11: Handout The Regulation of Banks Date: 28 April 2004 Module: International Banking Why Regulate Banks? Banks are intermediaries between money suppliers and those who need money. Commercial banks are most heavily regulated financial institutions. Five main reasons for regulation: I. The first is to ensure the safety and soundness of banks. The purpose is to maintain I) domestic and II) international confidence‚ III) protect depositors and ultimately taxpayers
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Disadvantages: • Conflicts of interests between bank and investor: For banks savings deposits are a financing possibility at a favorable rate of interest; private investors‚ however‚ would usually prefer investments in securities to realize higher interest earnings. • Risk of concentration processes; but in spite of a decreasing number of banks‚ especially of private banks‚ neither a suppression strategy of big universal banks against smaller competitors nor a cartelization is to constate in
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Introduction What is bank? Finance is the lifeblood of trade‚ commerce and industry. Now days‚ banking sector acts as the backbone of modern business. Development any country mainly depends upon the banking system. MODERN BANKING: - The banking‚ which was known in various forms and guises in The ancient civilization in various parts of the world did not Coincide with the emergence of the modern Banks. The Banking which had its roots in the flourished culture
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Bank: An organization‚ usually a corporation‚ chartered by a state or federal government‚ which does most or all of the following: receives demand deposits and time deposits‚ honors instruments drawn on them‚ and pays interest on them; discounts notes‚ makes loans‚ and invests in securities; collects checks‚drafts‚ and notes; certifies depositor’s checks; and issues drafts and cashier’s checks. Features of Bank: • Money Dealing • Acceptance of Deposit • Grant of loan and advances • Payment
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Reserve Bank can change the money supply. One way the Federal Reserve Bank can change the money supply is by purchasing U.S. government securities from financial institutions. They can create “funds” or credits on their balance sheets in exchange for the securities. The second policy the Federal Reserve can use is the discount rate. This is the interest-rate the Federal Reserve charge banks for their loans. They can either increase or decrease this rate to encourage or discourage banks to borrow
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The Functions of The People’s Bank of China The People’s Bank of China (PBC) is the central bank of China. With the improvement of the socialist market economic system‚ the PBC‚ as a central bank‚ plays an important role in China’s macroeconomic management. The head office of the PBC is located in Beijing‚ the capital of China‚ and consists of 18 functional departments (bureaus). Under the guidance of the State Council‚ the PBC formulates and implements monetary policy‚ prevents and resolves financial
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(104) of the Law of the Banks‚ No.94‚ 2004‚ we have issued the following instructions: No.4‚ 2004 Instructions Facilitate the implementation of the Laws of the Banks No.4‚ 2004 Chapter One Granting permittions and licenses to Banks and nonbank financial institutions Article -1- The expressions that used for the purposes of these instructions are explained below: First: Permission: Authorization document issued by The Central Bank of Iraq for the banks and nonbank financial
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regulations that are related to fulfilling its functions 2. Formulating and implementing monetary policy in accordance with law Issuing the Renminbi and administering its circulation 3. Regulating financial markets‚ including the inter-bank lending market‚ the inter-bank bond market‚ foreign exchange market and gold market 4. Preventing and mitigating systemic financial risks to safeguard financial stability 5. Maintaining the Renminbi exchange rate at adaptive and equilibrium level 6. Holding and
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