Vygotsky: The Social Connection Vygotsky’s concept of the zone of proximal development is based on the idea that development is defined both by what a child can do independently and by what the child can do when assisted by an adult or more competent peer. According to Vygotsky‚ for the curriculum to be developmentally appropriate‚ the teacher must plan activities that encompass not only what children are capable of doing on their own but what they can learn with the help of others. For example
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Dewey Vs. Freire Although they are from different times and places both John Dewey and Paolo Freire have very similar theories on education. These men believed that there is more to teaching than simply lecturing to students while the students take notes to later memorize. Freire refers to this as the “banking concept” and Dewey categorizes it under a “traditional education.” Both men expressed that in order for students to fully grasp what they were being taught‚ teachers would have to find
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On August 31st 1870‚ Maria Montessori was born in Chiaravalle in the province of Alcona‚ Italy to father Alessandro Montessori and mother Renilde Stoppani Montessori. Her father‚ being a soldier‚ had old-fashioned ideas‚ conservative manners and apparent military habits. Her mother‚ Renilde Stoppani‚ was a bright well-educated woman. Being a well-read person‚ she also encouraged Maria to do the same. For Renilde it was important for girls to have a good education. With Renilde’s influence‚ Maria
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY PROBLEM FORMULATION OBJECTIVE At the end of the session‚ participants will be able to • Identify elements of good problem statement • Analyses a problem statement (an approach) • Develop a basic problem statement INTRODUCTION As human beings‚ we are curious about the unknowns. We ask many questions and try to find out answers to them INTRODUCTION When you hear a person speaking a different dialect‚ you may ask which country the person initially came from INTRODUCTION
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Process of public policy formulation in developing countries Prof.Dr. Do Phu Hai‚ Faculty of Public Policy Graduate Academy of Social Science (GASS)‚ Vietnam Abstract: Policy formulation clearly is a critical phase of the policy process which also is an explicit subject of policy design. The public policy formulation is part of the pre-decision phase of policy making including to craft the goals and priorities and options‚ costs and benefits of each options‚ externalities of each option. It
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Jean Piaget was a theorist who studied child development; one of the many aspects of early childhood Piaget studied was preoperational thinking. Preoperational thinking usually occurs from ages 2 through 7 according to Piaget. It’s when a child is not able to think logically and perform activities that require logic. In other words‚ a child is not yet ready at this stage‚ to reason many situations. Piaget created many experiments that could help educators observe and detect the stages and levels
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Approaches to early childhood education The Montessori Approach Maria Montessori (1870-1952) was born in Chiaraville‚ Italy. She was the first woman to enter medical school and “In july 1896 she became the first woman to gradute from the university of rome medical school and qualify as a doctor” (Flood & Hardy.2013) Montessori realised the importance of providing children with the right stimulation from her work wiith vunerable children in a psychiatric clinic in rome . Many of Montessori’s innovative
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CONSUMER THEORY: THE NEOCLASSICAL MODEL AND ITS OPPOSITE EVOLUTIONARY ALTERNATIVE by Valentino Piana (2003) From http://www.economicswebinstitute.org/essays/consumertheory.htm The standard textbook model of consumer is an outstanding example of the neoclassical paradigm in economics [1]: a h y p e r-rational agent maximises something by choosing an "optimal" bundle of things. Here‚ the hyper-rational consumer maximises utility (i. e. an overall generic measure of well-being) by
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everything they are offered.’ “Jean Piaget”. Jean Piaget was a swiss philosopher. He was born August 9‚ 1896 in Neuchatel‚ Switzerland. He studied child thinking and his parents were Rebecca Jackson and Arthur Piaget. In 1923‚ he married Valentine Châtenay; the couple had three children‚ who Piaget did studied from infancy. From 1925 to 1929 Piaget was professor of psychology‚ sociology‚ and the philosophy of science at the University of Neuchatel In 1929‚ Jean Piaget accepted the post of Director
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Psychodynamic Formulation: Its Purpose‚ Structure‚ and Clinical Application Samuel Perry‚ M.D.‚ Arnold M. Cooper‚ M.D.‚ and Robert Michels‚ M.D. The authors present a brief written psychodynamic formulation that focuses on central conflicts‚ anticipates transferences and resistances‚ and helps guide all psychiatric treatments. After placing the presenting problem in the context of the patient’s life and identifying nondynamic determinants of the psychopathology‚ the formulation explains the development
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