nucleophile. The Grignard reagent can also react with RX to form a longer chain alkane. Example: CH3CH2MgBr + CH3CH2Br CH3CH2CH2CH3 + MgBr2 In general‚ basicity parallels nucleophilic strength since both of them depend on the availability of the lone pair of electrons. The Grignard reagent is not only able to function as a nucleophile; it can operate as a base too by reacting with water to form an alkane. Example: CH3CH2MgBr + H2O CH3CH3 + Mg(OH)Br Based on the diagonal relationship
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ALCOHOLS Alcohols are compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane have been replaced by an -OH group. For the purposes of UK A level‚ we will only look at compounds containing one -OH group. For example: Primary alcohols In a primary (1°) alcohol‚ the carbon which carries the -OH group is only attached to one alkyl group Some examples of primary alcohols include: Secondary alcohols In a secondary (2°) alcohol‚ the carbon with the -OH group attached is joined directly to
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AMITY SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY AMITY UNIVERSITY APPLIED CHEMISTRY-I Semester Tutorial Sheet - I (Water Treatment) 1 What are the specifications of water for various industries? 2. Why does hard water consume a lot of soap? 3. What is the difference between soft and sterilized water? 4. State chemical reactions‚ which remove bicarbonate hardness and justify your answer 5. Why is NH3-NH4Cl buffer added in the determination of hardness of water? 6. Discuss which of the
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Edexel IGCSE Chemistry Revision Notes IGCSE Chemistry Triple Award Revision Guide Topic Introduction to chemistry Atomic Structure Structure and Bonding – Ionic Bonding Structure and Bonding – Covalent and Metallic Bonding Organic Chemistry - Alkanes Organic Chemistry – Alkenes / Addition Polymerisation Organic Chemistry – Alcohols / Condensation Polymerisation Calculations Periodic Table Reactivity Series and Metal Extraction Electrolysis Energetics Acids‚ Bases‚ Salts and Neutralisation Preparing
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Pat 1 Synthesis of 4-aryl-6-indolylpyridine-2-carbonitriles and evaluation of their biological activity Synthesis of 6-indolyl-4-aryl-3-cyanopyridine-2-one (1a-e) Employing the MCRs approach and microwave irradiation‚ an equimolar amounts of aromatic aldehyde‚ 3-acetylindole‚ ethyl cyanoacetate were reacted with excess of ammonium acetate in one-pot‚ reaction‚ under the microwave irradiation‚ afforded a novel series of 4-aryl-6-indolyl-nicotinonitrile-2-one derivatives 1a-e. Ethylene glycol was
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(R) or (S). 7. Give the stereochemical relationships (same compound‚ structural isomers‚ distereomers‚ or enantiomers) between each pair of isomers. 8. Consider the following free radical bromination of an enantiomerically pure alkane. Is the product formed as a single enantiomer or a racemic mixture? Is the product optically active or optically inactive? Explain your answers. Substitution and elimination reactions (Chpt 11): 9. Predict the products of the following
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Gurjot Sandhu ENGWR 300 TTH 10:30 am Professor Munoz 10/28/14 Journal 7 Bottlemania Chapter 7 Study Questions 1. The title is backlash because people maybe are not buying bottled water anymore. Backlash could be or look like‚ where people don’t buy a certain object or thing‚ because of the reputation or history of it. Backlash is from something that people don’t like‚ whether it’s too expensive‚ bad reputation‚ negative purpose of the object or thing‚ etc. 2. What instigated the initial backlash
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a settling tank. They can then be removed easily‚ after they have reached the bottom of the tank. Removal of dangerous microorganisms Often polluted water has to be freed from microorganisms. The water is than disinfected‚ usually by means of chlorination. Removal of dissolved solids Microrganisms are not only a threat to water; they can also be an advantage when it comes to water purification processes. They can convert harmful contaminants to harmless substances. This biological purification
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Experiment 8: Identification of an Adulterated Herb The purpose of this lab is to analyze the volatile oils of some herbs through TLC testing and then identify the adulterant in a sample. Unfortunately‚ we ran out of time to complete the lab; however‚ we were able to get through most of it‚ and were only missing the adulterant. The first step to identify our unknown samples was to create TLC plates that should results with each known compound and 95% hexane: 5% ethyl acetate‚ 90% hexane: 10%
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Asymmetric Epoxidation of Dihydronaphthalene with a Synthesized Jacobsen’s Catalyst Justin Lindsey 12/08/96 Chem 250 GG Professor Tim Hoyt TA: Andrea Egans Abstract. 1‚2 diaminocyclohexane was reacted with L-(+)-tartaric acid to yield (R‚R)-1‚2-diaminocyclohexane mono-(+)-tartrate salt. The tartrate salt was then reacted with potassium carbonate and 3‚5-di-tert-butylsalicylaldehyde to yield (R‚R)-N‚N’-Bis(3‚5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1‚2-cyclohexanediamine‚ which was then reacted with Mn(OAc)2*4H2O
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