is a ‘civic duty’ and a meaningful exercise in self-expression. Others contend that we should vote in pursuit of a democratic ideal‚ and still others argue that we should vote out of respect for those who have defended our rights. As a consequentialist theory‚ utilitarianism is utterly unconcerned with these principle-oriented arguments. Utilitarians are concerned only with maximizing total social utility‚ or the overall well-being of society. Thus‚ utilitarians would assert
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Explain the main strengths of Mill’s Utilitarianism. (25) Mill argues that the pleasures of the mind should take precedence over physical pleasure and that once basic human requirements are fulfilled the primary moral concerns should be for higher order goods. Mill rejected Bentham’s Hedonic calculus because he believed that other values were needed to be taken into consideration when measuring people’s happiness like freedom and emotions. Seeing as Mill succeeded Bentham as a famous utilitarian
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Utilitarianism in the Theory of Punishment – Utilitarian ideology states that it is our duty to whatever will increase the amount of happiness in the world. Applying this ideology to the Theory of Punishment may seem counterintuitive. Taken at face value‚ Utilitarianism is incompatible with punishment‚ because by definition punishment makes people unhappy‚ therefore‚ is immoral under the strict tenants of Utilitarianism. However‚ Utilitarians‚ do see the need for punishment. Punishment restores a
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Most utilitarian theories deal with producing the greatest amount of good for the greatest number of people. Negative utilitarianism (NU) requires us to promote the least amount of evil or harm‚ or to prevent the greatest amount of suffering for the greatest number. Proponents like Karl Popper‚ Christoph Fehige and Clark Wolf argue that this is a more effective ethical formula‚ since‚ they contend‚ the greatest harms are more consequential than the greatest goods. Karl Popper also referred to an
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Mill’s objection to Bentham’s utilitarianism‚ “…no better object of desire and pursuit than pleasure is a doctrine worthy only of swine.” He is basically arguing that Utilitarianism is an ideology that focuses all its efforts on creating the most amount of happiness and pleasure. This unfortunately can lead to a problem. In Utilitarianism‚ Mill argues if we try to live our lives in a way that is free of pain and full of pleasure‚ we forget that life is full of discomfort and that it is how it’s
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Distributive Justice (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) Page 1 of 26 Open access to the SEP is made possible by a world-wide funding initiative. Please Read How You Can Help Keep the Encyclopedia Free Distributive Justice First published Sun Sep 22‚ 1996; substantive revision Mon Mar 5‚ 2007 Principles of distributive justice are normative principles designed to guide the allocation of the benefits and burdens of economic activity. After outlining the scope of this entry and the role
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1. You should have a basic understanding of the terms ‘valid’ and ‘sound’ and be able to identify valid and sound arguments. 2. In the trial of Dudley and Stephens‚ how did the defense argue that Dudley and Stephens were innocent? Why does the prosecution reject this argument? How would a utilitarian judge the case? * They were argued to be innocent because it was out of necessity to kill the boy * Had they not killed and eaten the boy‚ they could have died * The boy was already
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Jean Watson’s Theory of Caring Jean Watson’s Theory of Caring Dr. Jean Watson developed a theory of human caring that has become essential in nursing. Caring is at the core of nursing and is vital in providing positive patient outcomes. Watson’s theory of caring can be applied to patient situation and his or her environment. She based her theory upon human caring relationships and experiences of human life. She acknowledges a caring relationship and a caring environment preserve human dignity
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concept of caring is a significant skill and attribute to every healthcare professional. One specific caring theory that has been rutted in the foundation of nursing for many years is Watson’s Theory of Transpersonal Caring. Watson’s theory focuses on caring for the patient as a whole‚ meaning caring about the patient’s mind‚ body and spirit so that the patient can heal at an optimal level. This Transpersonal Caring Theory comprises of ten caritas processes that set the foundation for a caring relationship
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chose to evaluate the book A Theory of Justice for Animals: Animal Rights in a Non-Ideal World by Robert Garner‚ with the hopes of finding more information about the controversial issue of rights for animals. In 2013‚ this book was published by Oxford University Press‚ which is a very well known and trustworthy publisher. Robert Garner is an author and a professor at the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom. Garner strongly supports animal getting rights and wrote this book to bring attention
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