II. Criteria for Evaluating a Tax Structure Adam Smith -canons of taxation Equality Convenience Certainty Economy III. Tax Structure Tax base: Tax rates: Incidence of tax: Examples: Income $10 $20 $30 $3 (30%) $6 (30%) $9 (30%) $3 (30%) $7 (35%) $12 (40%) IV. Major Types of Taxes Property Taxes Transaction Taxes Death Taxes Gift Taxes Income Taxes Employment Taxes Other U.S. Taxes V. Formula for Federal Income Tax on Individuals Figure
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Revenue and Capital Expenditure Revenue and Capital expenditure are slightly different. Revenue expenditure is money that is spent on items that are only going to be used once‚ such as printer paper‚ stock‚ repairs‚ petrol etc. These items would go under expenses in the profit and loss account and would be included as part of revenue in balance sheet. Capital Expenditure is money spent by a business on items that are going to be used more than one time‚ for example machinery‚ buildings and
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Investment Memo December 2‚ 2012 Having worked as a quant‚ I have a deep understanding of different quantitative strategies among several asset classes. In the equity world‚ quantitative strategies usually mean stock screens. While I believe in systematic investing‚ I also do recognize some pitfalls of algorithm-based stock screens. Thus‚ my investment goal is to develop a fusion strategy combining highly sophisticated quantitative and thorough fundamental portfolio management. The first step
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marginal tax rate is the rate of tax he/she pays on the last dollar of income earned assuming there is nothing else affecting the individual. In this question‚ Sandra has no dependants or other sources of income so there is nothing else affecting her. An effective marginal tax rate of 40% applies to Sandra. This includes the top tax rate of 30% applicable to taxable income of $56‚000 and the student loan standard rate of 10%. (A) - The 30% rate would be Sandra’s base marginal tax rate without
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Tax evasion Definition Tax evasion is an unlawful practice which has the effect of reducing the government revenue needed for the provision of infrastructure‚ public services and public utilities. (Otosanya ‚ 2009). Spicer (1975) also stated that‚ tax evasion “ tax evasion result in a loss of tax revenues‚ impair the chances of realizing the distributional or equity goal of taxation‚ and if they become widespread‚ as they have in recent times‚ then more tax payer‚ may lose faith in the tax administration
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A value added tax (VAT) is a form of consumption tax. From the perspective of the buyer‚ it is a tax on the purchase price. From that of the seller‚ it is a tax only on the value added to a product‚ material‚ or service‚ from an accounting point of view‚ by this stage of its manufacture or distribution. The purpose of VAT is to generate tax revenues to the government similar to the corporate income tax or the personal income tax. Who Are Required To File VAT Returns • Any person or entity who
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OFFICE ART MEMO 1 Assignment #2: Office Art Memo‚ Brenda Roper Professor Lynn Wilson World Cultures II – HUM 112 March 3‚ 2013 OFFICE ART MEMO 2 The three impressionist painting I choose is Dance Class by Edgar Degas‚ Lunchon of the Boating Party by Piette Augustine Renoir
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Executive Summary The purpose of this report was to analyze the ’alcopops’ tax with related economic theory and outline the main issue and identify the key stakeholders. Also‚ the report will provide solutions and alternate recommendations. This report is based on news article provided from teachers which are about ’alcopops’ tax. Findings portray that alcopops are especially popular among teenagers and the imposition of the tax is not effective for young people due to they can find other sustitubes
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Understanding Federal Income Tax Taxes have been part of our economy for a long time and are enforced by the government or other agencies‚ on income and expenses. Taxation in the United States began when it was composed of colonies. During this time taxes were imposed on commodities through legislative such as the Stamp Act‚ the Sugar Act‚ Townshend Revenue Act‚ and Tea Act. Later‚ in 1913‚ the states ratified the sixteenth amendment‚ which gave congress power to tax incomes. Taxes were imposed
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Reflective Memo The Course Looking back on the course as a whole‚ I have learned how to effectively analyze my audience and distinguish and adapt my writing for that audience. I learned different ways to make technical documents look appealing to readers while also using graphics ad white space to effectively show the words of the documents. I learned how to work better in a team setting as well as improved my individual writing. My sentence structure and effectiveness has definitely improved over
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