About tax avoidance UK courts: the courts adopted a more literal approach to the construction of legislation in the context of tax-sensitive transactions. Consequently‚ the courts often refused attempts by HMRC to reclassify arrangements and remove the advantageous tax effects of transactions structured to comply with a literal interpretation of the relevant tax legislation‚ (see for example IRC v Duke of Westminster [1936]). However‚ Ramsay heralded the beginning of a new approach to how the courts
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What is GAAR? GAAR refers to General Anti-Avoidance Rules. These rules target any transaction or business arrangement that is entered into with the objective of avoiding tax. The objective is to check aggressive tax planning. What is meaning of Tax Avoidance? Avoidance means an attempt to reduce tax liability through legal means‚ i.e. to regulate your affairs in such a way that you pay the minimum tax imposed by the Act as opposed to the maximum. For example‚ Suresh makes a company XYZ to sell
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intention Introduction Contractual certainty If businessmen are often not overly-concerned with the niceties of offer and acceptance it follows that their contracts may not be all-embracing and complete in every respect. The parties may have reached an agreement in principle and then prefer to rely on experience from previous dealings‚ business practice and goodwill. The law’s overall policy is to uphold bargains wherever possible and although businessmen tend to record their agreements in ‘crude and
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INTRODUCTION Indian Contract Act 1872 is the main source of law regulating contracts in Indian law‚ as subsequently amended. It determines the circumstances in which promise made by the parties to a contract shall be legally binding on them. All of us enter into a number of contracts everyday knowingly or unknowingly. Each contract creates some right and duties upon the contracting parties. Indian contract deals with the enforcement of these rights and duties upon the parties. The Indian Contract Act 1872
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contract law agreement: objective test of intention to agree offer must be matched by other’s acceptance requirement of certainty of agreement parties have intention to create legal relations enforce promise: consideration promise is contained in a deed promissory estoppel (claimant has relied on defendant’s promise) reliance theory: consistent with the harm principle (prevent harm on others) restitution interest
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Convention on law of treaties. It’s every nations duty to look out for citizens so they don’t pay tax twice on the same income (once in country of R and then in Country of A) but also enough precautions need to be taken to make sure there is no Tax Avoidance and remedies for tax
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Unit 2 Assessment Assessment You should use this file to complete your Assessment. The first thing you need to do is save a copy of this document‚ either onto your computer or a USB drive Then work through your Assessment‚ remembering to save your work regularly When you’ve finished‚ print out a copy to keep for reference Then‚ go to www.vision2learn.com and send your completed Assessment to your tutor via your My Study area – make sure it is clearly marked with your name‚ the course title
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Compensation Claims Contents Employers’ duties What kind of claims may be made? The tort of negligence Tort of breach of statutory duty Civil liability exclusions Conditions to be met for breach of statutory duty Defences against a claim Contributory negligence "Violenti" rule Vicarious liability - when the employee is negligent Strict liability - when the employer is not negligent Limitations on timescales for claims Damages Procedures when a claim is made Letter of claim Information
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Error Avoidance in Post Modern/Complex Adaptive System Charles Holloway MHA601 Healthcare Administration Dr. Ona Johnson July 2‚ 2012 In this new emerging world that we live in today managing healthcare organizations have been force to develop new ways to manage Healthcare organization From these changes of healthcare organizations the postmodern complex adaptive system has evolved. Before the development of this theory healthcare organizations have been unable to manage healthcare in
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Tasks: Best Practices If you are in the MBA Capstone course‚ you can see the light at the end of the tunnel. These best practices are designed to help make the stretch of your educational journey as smooth as possible. A mindset of excellence Your MBA Capstone tasks should reflect your highest quality work; your current state of excellence. The standards are high for the capstone tasks. Doing just enough to get by or good enough will result in re-work and re-submissions. The best practice is to
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