There are four primary conditioning theories of behaviorism. These four theories are Pavlov’s (1849-1936) classical conditioning‚ Thorndike’s (1874-1949) connectionism (also known as law of effect)‚ Guthrie ’s (1886-1959) contiguous conditioning‚ and Skinner’s (1904-1990) operant conditioning. According to the text (Shunk 2012) Classical conditioning was discovered around the beginning of the 20th century by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov was studying digestive process in dogs when he
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In a third article by Burdick and James (1970) also investigated classical conditioning in rats. The purpose of the experiment was to condition rats to suppress certain hunger behaviors such as water licking. Burdick and James paired the neutral stimulus of white light with shock in a “test chamber” to see if rats would develop an association between the two stimuli. Naturally‚ shock induces a fear-like freezing behavior‚ and after being conditioned the rats displayed the same behavior but only
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Classical conditioning is defined as ‘’ a learning process by which a subject comes to respond in a specific way to a previously neutral stimulus after the subject repeatedly encounters the neutral that already elicits the response’’ (Freedictonary.com‚ 2013). Classical conditioning involves forming a link between two stimuli having a learned response as a result. There are three stages in which this happens Stage one: Before conditioning‚ Stage two: During conditioning and Stage three: After conditioning
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changes in the way the Macedonian army fought that it would have very difficult for even a united Greek force to compete with them. Even if the Greeks had been divided‚ the aftermath of the Peloponnesian War left many of the Greek states‚ especially Athens‚ with depleted resources‚ meaning they weren’t quite prepared to finance another war right then. One of the biggest reasons that federalism wouldn’t have saved the Greeks is that fact that Phillip made some drastic changes to the Macedonian military
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democracy. If that is not an impact Greece has made on our culture‚ then I don’t know what is. This political system started in Athens‚ where it started as a Monarch‚ then grew to an oligarchy‚ until it finally reached a democracy. The government consisted of an assembly of 6‚000 members that were all adult male citezens. The assembly voted on issues throughout Athens and passed laws. Our democracy in America is similar to this. Though the Greek democracy was not as polished and fair‚ it was still
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A long time ago‚ approximately over 2400 years‚ the Ancient Greek Polis developed the first democracy. This was the first time this particular political system was established and organized. Not long after‚ the Roman Republic formed their version of a democracy to rival Greece. Both societies used democracy as a way to band their people together‚ and become stronger republics. There are many similarities and differences between the political systems of Rome and Greece. Both systems had in place
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The Peloponnesian War was going on twenty years prior to the plays creation and continued for another seven years after its performance. Athens‚ where Lysistrata took place‚ was the “wealthiest of the city-states [. . .] and had tried to dominate all of Greece.” (Lysistrata Characters-2 Pg. 1). Its greatest enemy and competition was Sparta‚ a city-state that represented the free states in
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I agree‚ the Ancient Greek city-states were often at odds with each other. People from other city-states were not as highly regarded as they regarded themselves and they mostly went to war with each other for control over the peninsula. When the Persians threatened all of Greece‚ they had no choice but to unite. This also showed them an enemy that was far more different from them than people from other Greek-city states. Continuous conflict and competition between city-states broke
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History shows that for some reason or another people as a whole do not like change. Even though democracy keeps an individual or a group take power the people of the government will not be taken advantage of or be mistreated. Many things is not about an idea being or bad‚ sometimes change is not fair to all the people. But why did the Athenian democracy fail in about 100 years if it was a government made for the people. Before democracy the people in ancient Greece were run by the people on top of
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come without reason. For both these are true and untrue depending on which way you decide to perceive it. Greece is made up of many small independent city states. Each one has its own form of government ranging from democracy to complete tyranny. Athens was the only city state that had a direct democracy‚ which means every adult male who owned property could take a position in courts‚ assemblies‚ or a council. In the 590s B.C.E. Solon “banned enslavement for debt and guaranteed basic rights to everyone
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