The plague‚ which is caused by Yersinia pestis‚ a gram-negative rod-shaped‚ non-motile‚ non-sporulating bacterium has a great historical significance. Plague is a zoonotic disease transmitted to humans by rodents (e.g.‚ rats‚ mice‚ ground squirrels). Fleas that live on the rodents can transmit the bacteria to humans‚ who then suffer from the bubonic form of plague. The bubonic form may progress to the septicemic and pneumonic forms. Pneumonic plague would be the predominant form having potential
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stop transmission of the transient micro-organisms when in direct contact with patients (NHS‚ 2009). Alcohol-based hand rubs or gels should not be used alone when infection is present as this alone will not kill the spores for infection such as clostridium difficile. After washing hands must be dried properly as failure to do this can increase the transfer of bacteria (Nottingham University Hospitals‚ 2011). Hygienic hygiene not only removes transient microorganisms but also reduces resident microorganisms
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Cured meats like serrano ham and pepperoni are just continuations of the age-old human tradition of salting meat to preserve it and make it safe for eating. Curing helps to prevent foodborne illness caused by bacteria like Clostridium botulinum. It is also important to recognize that the curing salts used to cure meat can be deadly if they are not handled carefully. Cure meats safely by following these steps: Decide which meat you want to cure. Ham is the most popular choice‚ but you can cure
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once every 20 minutes! So let’s say if you have 1 bacterium at 9am on Monday‚ by noon you will have 512 and 8 by 4pm you will have over 2 million and by the time you go to bed (8pm) you will have nearly 9 thousand million! Bad bacteria like the Clostridium family‚ of botulism fame‚ live in our guts and dine on our Western diets of high fat‚ high sugar and processed foods. These bacteria can produce toxins that are released into the bloodstream and could affect the brain in a bad way. Microbes also
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chickens‚ what sort of poisoning is likely? How have you reached this conclusion? It was most likely the result of: a. Staphylococcus aureus. The chickens got in contact with human who carries disease‚ in this case most probably from the chef b. Clostridium perfringens. The cooked chickens were left in room temperature on the bench until the next morning (slowly) c. Salmonella. After all it is poultry‚ and was not cooled rapidly after cooked nor hel at 60⁰C 3. What would be the symptoms of this
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5.1 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES: Acetone is produced directly or indirectly by propylene. Early processes for the manufacture of acetone were based on the thermal decomposition of calcium acetate or the carbohydrate fermentation of corn starch or molasses. The ready availability of propylene in the 1960s led to routes based on the dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol or cumene peroxidation. (1) By Cumene Oxidation (Hock Process). Propene is added to benzene [71-43-2] to form cumene [98-82-8]‚ which
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contact with patient. An “alcohol-based hand rub is the preferred method for decontaminating hands‚ except when hands are visibly soiled (e.g.‚ dirt‚ blood‚ body fluids)‚ or after caring for patients with known or suspected infectious diarrhea (e.g. Clostridium difficile‚ norovirus)‚ in which case soap and water should be used (CDC).” PPE involves special equipment worn by medical staff for protection against infectious materials. PPE involves gloves‚ gowns‚ goggles and face
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1320 HBL for CP2078 (Sample Preparation for Microscopy) Name of students Admission No Class Total Marks / 45 Assignment 1 1. Explain the principle of positive staining. (3 marks) Positive staining is done by staining the cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria with crystal violet. The cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria is made up of a thick layer of peptidoglycan which undergoes dehydration during decolourisation causing the pores to shrink
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Directions: Read the article‚ “A Summary of Health Outcomes: Multistate Foodborne Disease Outbreaks in the U.S.‚ 1998-2007‚” and answer the questions below. • Answers must be complete sentences. • The assignment must be typed and submitted on Tuesday‚ February 19th prior to the exam. 1. What is a multistate FBDO? Multistate FBDO is a outbreaks that either spread to other states or originate from the same vector in multiple states at the same time.
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The second factor to influence the microbiota is whether the infant is fed with breast milk or formula. (1‚ 6) Breast milk results in microbiota dominated by bifidobacteria whereas formula results in higher amounts of Escherichia coli (E. coli)‚ Clostridium difficile (C. difficile)‚ Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis) and lactobacilli.
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