Sources of common law I. Sources of the Common Law A. Court Decisions The principal source of positive law in the common law system is customary law. The common law system has some analogies to French medieval law: trial by jury‚ the binding nature of precedent. B. Statutes and treaties Statutes and treaties are the other source of law in the anglo-saxon world. However to be enforced even statutes and treaties must be ultimately interpreted by judges. Statutes are however controlling; that
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Many of the bacteria that cause common bacterial infection are mutating and therefore gaining resistance. This means that the original antibiotics that were once used to treat these common illnesses are becoming increasing ineffective. This resistance delays treatment as the original antibiotics are ineffective. This can lead to the disease worsening and even death. This means that common illnesses that were once easily treated by antibiotics are no longer so easy to treat. This results in increased
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The Weaknesses and Strengths of Common Sense and Science as Sources of Knowledge There are many sources of knowledge as the society progresses. In this case‚ the most controversial question would be whether or not common sense can be accounted as a reliable source of knowledge? Although both common sense and science can be taken into account as sources of knowledge‚ I will argue that to some extent common sense and scientific knowledge are still very different from one another. That is‚ scientific
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Common Causes of Infection Transmission What is Infection? Microbes can lead to an infection only if they have capacity to multiple. Our bodies get infections from pathogenic microorganisms that cannot observe by naked eye such as • Bacteria. These one-cell organisms are accountable for diseases‚ such as urinary tract infections. • Viruses. Is an acellular agent smaller than bacteria consisting mainly of genetic material‚ that can be active in a close environments ranging from the common cold
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INFECTIOUS DISEASE & CONTROL HAS4913 L6 : Common Infections (III) Fungal Infections : -Superficial Mycoses -Opportunistic Mycoses 1 FUNGAL INFECTIONS • Superficial (cutaneous) Mycoses • Systemic (subcutaneous and internal organs) Mycoses 2 Superficial Mycoses - Dermatophytes 皮膚黴菌 Genera: Trichophyton 毛癬菌 ‚ Microsporum 小芽孢孢 菌 Epidemophyton 表皮癬菌 • Usually involve hair‚ skin‚ and nails – superficial keratinized tissue • Skin lesion is annular 環狀的 scaling 鱗 patch with a raised margin 邊 3
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Common Law Tradition and Sources of Law Common Law Tradition: In early England‚ there was desire to establish a legal system that did not settle disputes by simply relying on local customs and traditions. Instead‚ there was desire to use a uniform legal system throughout the entire country. “What evolved was the beginning of common law‚ a body of general rules that applied throughout the entire English realm. Eventually‚ the common law tradition became part of the heritage of all nations
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Primary Source Analysis Thomas Paine Common Sense Context: In result of The Seven Years’ War Britain controlled American trade and territory. In order to pay for the expenses of the war several taxation acts and military presence were implemented such as the Sugar Act‚ Stamp Act‚ Currency Act‚ Quartering Act and the presence of British troops at the colonies. Consequently‚ Americans who thought these actions violated their political and constitutional liberties opposed these policies with petitions
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INFECTION An infection is the colonization of a hostorganism by parasitespecies. Infecting parasites seek to use the host’s resources to reproduce‚ often resulting in disease. Colloquially‚ infections are usually considered to be caused by microscopic organisms or microparasites like viruses‚ prions‚ bacteria‚ and viroids‚ though larger organisms like macroparasites and fungi can also infect. Hosts normally fight infections themselves via their immune system. Mammalian hosts react to infections
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The outbreak of infection can be fatal if care is not taken; for instance an outbreak of MRSA that can be resistant to most antibiotics can be fatal. The outbreak of an infection has consequences for individuals‚ staff and the organisation. It can cause ill health to all concerned and it can also impact emotionally because people that acquire infection relate it to being dirty and some infections may require people to be isolated from others for a period of time. The organisation could lose money
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Chain of Infection As described above‚ the traditional epidemiologic triad model holds that infectious diseases result from the interaction of agent‚ host‚ and environment. More specifically‚ transmission occurs when the agent leaves its reservoir or host through a portal of exit‚ is conveyed by some mode of transmission‚ and enters through an appropriate portal of entry to infect a susceptible host. This sequence is sometimes called the chain of infection. Figure 1.19 Chain of Infection Image
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