Describe the contributions to society of the Cognitive and Psychodynamic Approaches‚ and compare the two approaches in terms of their scientific status (18) The Cognitive Approach provides two contributions to society; Reliability of Eyewitness Testimonies and Cognitive Interviews. The cognitive interview technique has been developed from a number of models of memory and forgetting from the cognitive approach‚ which is used to interview eyewitnesses of crimes. The major two contributors are cue-dependency
Premium Psychology Psychodynamic psychotherapy
Behaviourist approach 1.a) Outline two assumptions of the Behaviourist approach [4 marks] One assumption of the behaviourist approach is classical conditioning‚ where behaviours are learnt through association. This assumption was developed by a psychologist called Pavlov‚ through his research into dogs. After conditioning the neutral stimulus (the bell)‚ it produced a conditioned response‚ (salivation). This is because the dog had associated the bell with food. Another assumption of the behaviourist
Premium Behaviorism Psychology Classical conditioning
Compare and contrast biological and psychological explanations of crime with sociological explanations of criminality. Theories are useful tools‚ which suggest the way things are and not the way things ought to be‚ we can use them to help us to understand the world around us. In terms of criminal and deviant behaviour the theories proposed in this subject area set out to try and give reason as to why an individual commits criminal or delinquent acts. In this essay I will be using biological‚ psychological
Premium Sociology Criminology Crime
What is Biological Psychology? It is the study of the physiological‚ evolutionary‚ and developmental mechanisms of behavior and experience. It is synonymous with the terms biopsychology‚ physiological‚ and behavioral neuroscience. Much of biological psychology is devoted to studying brain functioning. Physiology is the study of body processes- the dynamic of tissue and organ system of the body. It is the study of the physiological basis of human and animal behavior. Areas of Biological Psychology
Premium Brain Hypothalamus Nervous system
One strength of the Behaviourist Approach is that it is a scientific approach in that it has clear and measurable variables (stimulus‚ response and reinforcer) which allows scientific experiments to be conducted. For example‚ Skinner’s conducted an experiment to present operant conditioning where the independent variable was the reinforcer (food pellet) and the electric shock (punishment) and the dependent variable was the frequency of lever pressing. This is a strength as scientific experiments
Free Operant conditioning Reinforcement Behaviorism
In this essay I will outline two approaches in psychology‚ compare and contrast them as well discussing the nature and nurture debate regarding both approaches. I will be examining a theorist from each approach outlining and evaluating his theory including the positive alltributes along with the negative. Finally I will include a therapy from each theorist and approach. The Behaviourist approach focuses on the concept of explaining behaviour by observation‚ and the belief that our environment
Free Psychology Cognitive psychology Theory of cognitive development
Compare and contrast how the psychodynamic and person-centred approaches to counselling understand the person‚ and how these two approaches explain psychological distress experienced by individuals. In part 2 reflect on and write about which of the two models appeals most to you and why? INTRODUCTION Psychodynamic and person-centred approaches to counselling have many differences in the way they understand the person and explain psychological distress. Part one below reviews both approaches
Premium Sigmund Freud Psychotherapy Psychodynamic psychotherapy
Biological Psychology Biology is the study of all living things whereas psychology deals with the way these living things behave and react to external and internal stimuli. Biological psychology is the study of how a person’s psyche or behavioral characteristics are influenced by biological reasons found inside the brain or central nervous system. Understanding of this field relies on extensive knowledge of the functioning of the brain and nervous system and of difference psychological disorders
Premium Psychology Mental disorder
Describe and discuss the behaviourist approach in psychology The behaviourists are a school of psychology that believe that behaviour is learned. The behaviourists don’t believe that people have the innate desire to act in a certain way. They think we are born as a blank sheet that is then developed by life experiences. As we develop interactions and life lessons mould us into the person who we become. Behaviourists do not believe that behaviour has any contribution from biology. They dismiss
Premium Classical conditioning Behaviorism
vicarious reinforcement. We can also learn new behaviours via being reinforced or punished directly. Therefore‚ learning is a combination of indirect and direct reinforcement‚ both key aspects of the behaviourist approach. Bandura then modified his original theory‚ to add in the importance of cognitive factors‚ and used this to explain gender development. He argued that gender
Premium Psychology Knowledge Learning