‘In place of a hermeneutics we need an erotics of art’. Discuss ways of approaching a text by referring to Susan Sontag’s ‘Against Interpretation’. There are many ways of approaching a text and interpretation is the most important and controversial way to explore a text. A hermeneutics and an erotics of art‚ which are the types of interpretation‚ will be explored in this essay to discuss ways of approaching a text. Besides‚ ‘Against Interpretation’ will be a main reference in this essay. ‘In
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piece is not simply the work of a person. It is of an author fixed in time‚ space and his environment. Taine‚ the French man‚ said that literature is the consequence of the moment‚ the race‚ and the milieu. Edmund Wilson traces sociological criticism to the eighteenth century study of Homer’s epics. The study focused on the social conditions of the poet’s period. Literary works are seen as social documents presenting the material condition and the ethos of a given period. Literature mirrors
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Beowulf: Cultural Criticism The epic poem “Beowulf” is a representation of how mankind has adopted a hypocritical mindset that allows themselves to kill and commit evil‚ while at the same time persecuting other groups for doing the same. Throughout the text itself‚ the Danes are known as a warrior race that controls and conquers other nations through violence and destruction‚ but they tell themselves that it is for the greater good and god has given them the right to do so. Though this is a fictional
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In the following essay‚ I will discuss the topic of feminism and the influence it had on Victorian literature. I will present my argument in relation to the ideology of the period‚ the female intellect associated with certain literature and the criticism that such authors faced during the period. I will argue that as a result of the oppression suffered‚ female authors saw such offense as their foundation for their production of literature. I will base the bulk of my argument around the author
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(2002)‚ 386–407. Steen‚ Gerard/Gibbs‚ Raymond W.: „Questions about Metaphor in Literature“. In: European Journal for English Studies 8‚3 (2004)‚ 337–354. Tsur‚ Reuven (1998) EVENT STRUCTURE – Metaphor and Reductionism (an exercise in functional criticism). (29.9.2008).
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The use of literary criticisms is essential in helping to deeper understand what an author was actually trying to say. There are several literary criticisms used to breakdown works. New Historicism has been informed through different kinds of criticism‚ including psychoanalytic criticism‚ feminist criticism‚ and especially deconstruction. This allows self identifying new historicists to be seen as feminist‚ Marxist‚ or deconstructionist. New Historicism is a literary criticism that allows us to connect
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audience to celebrate rebelliousness for the sake of rebellion and immorality as an acceptable form of happiness. The radical changes that took place in the films of the seventies still has heavy influence in film making and particularly in film criticism today. There are still and will always be plenty of films made that remain true to classical mythic structure where white hats prevail and black hats do not. Current examples of such mythic structure can be
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scientific work. Frankland traces their reemergence‚ examining in detail Freud’s many literary allusions and quotations as well as the rhetoric and imagery of his writing. He explores Freud’s own attempts at analysing literature‚ the influence of literary criticism on his approach to analysing patients‚ and his creation of psychoanalytical ‘novels’‚ quasi-literary fictions fraught with profoundly personal subtexts. Freud’s Literary Culture sheds new light on a multi-faceted‚ contradictory writer who continues
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Lefevere On every level of the translation process‚ it can be shown that‚ if linguistic considerations enter into conflict with considerations of an ideological and / or poetological nature‚ the latter tend to win out. (André Lefevere) One of the criticisms that has‚ sometimes‚ been levelled at the polysystem theory is that it tends to disregard the ideological factors‚ which have a considerable impact on the translators’ decisions. It is true that they are mentioned by the translation scholars working
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ARISTOTLE AS A CRITIC. Aristotle (384-322 B.C.E.)‚ the son of a physician‚ was the student of Plato from approximately 367 B.C. until his mentor’s death in 348/347. After carrying on philosophical and scientific investigations elsewhere in the Greek world and serving as the tutor to Alexander the Great‚ he returned to Athens in 335 B.C.E. to found the Lyceum‚ a major philosophical center‚ which he used as his base for prolific investigations into many areas of philosophy. Aristotle is a towering
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