A Brief Look at the History of the Dow Jones Industrial Average Not much had changed in the twelve years between Mr. Dow’s eleven stocks’ first appearance in the daily financial bulletin‚ Customer’s Afternoon Letter‚ and the twelve ‘smokestack’ companies that debuted on the Dow Jones Industrial Average on May 26‚ 1896. An interesting thing to notice is how nearly the entire list is populated by industrial stocks. This is a far cry from the commodity and retail rich list of today. Moving ahead
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ECONOMIES OF SCALE When a firm moves from small scale to large scale production‚ the average cost of production of each unit falls. The reasons for which this happens are known as economies of scale – they are the benefits which result in the cost savings of large scale operations which come about when a firm expands. In other words‚ economies of scale are advantages reaped by firms engaging in large scale production. There are two types of economies of scale. They are: * Internal economies
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Scottish Economy Scotland has a mixed economy closely interlinked with the rest of the United Kingdom (UK) and with the European Union more widely. Its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita‚ which stood at £16‚944 in 2005‚ is the 4th highest of the regions and countries of the UK‚ after London‚ South East England and Eastern England. Its annual economic growth in 2006 was 2.2%. The main factors contributing to the Scottish economy are Energy‚ Whiskey and financial services. The
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Capital structure for Kaynat Manufacting is 50% common stock‚ 15% preferred stock‚ and 35% debt. If the cost of common equity for the firm is 19.6%‚ the cost of preferred stock is 12.9% and the before tax cost of debt is 9.5% what is the weighted average cost of capital? The firm’s tax rate is 35%. Answer: WACC = (50% x 19.6%) + (15% x 12.9%) + ( 35% x 9.5% x 65% = Q2: The following are the information of a company: |Type of capital |Book value (Tk) |Market value (Tk)
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What is Corporate Communication? * A department with many functions * A set of communication products * A process to communicate key messages Corporate communications are a powerful management tool if approached with strategic integrity‚ alignment and focus. An organisation performing with coherence and its energy focused on a specified goal is far more effective than one that allows confused and inconsistent messages to disseminate from management. Communications is the only vehicle
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business in Chile 23 1. Stable economy 23 2. World class connectivity 24 3. Skilled Human Resources 24 4. Competitive business costs 25 5. Exceptional quality of life 25 6. Access to world markets 25 7. Government support 25 8. Low corporate tax 26 9. Freedom of growth 27 10. Solid institutions 27 Chile‚ an open economy 27 Labor laws in Chile 28 Sustainability 29 Connectivity 29 Chile Infrastructure‚ power‚ and communications 29 Telecommunications 32 Economy 33 Energy 34 Environment
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yahoo.comWP/04/64 Overview of the Indian Corporate Sector: 1989–2002 Petia Topalova © 2004 International Monetary Fund WP/04/64 IMF Working Paper Asia and Pacific Department Overview of the Indian Corporate Sector: 1989–2002 Prepared by Petia Topalova1 Authorized for distribution by Kalpana Kochhar April 2004 Abstract This Working Paper should not be reported as representing the views of the IMF. The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily
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INTRODUCTION Corporate governance is the framework of rules and practices by which a board of directors ensures accountability‚ fairness‚ and transparency in a company ’s relationship with its all stakeholders (financiers‚ customers‚ management‚ employees‚ government‚ and the community). The corporate governance framework consists of (1) explicit and implicit contracts between the company and the stakeholders for distribution of responsibilities‚ rights‚ and rewards‚ (2) procedures for reconciling
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A fuel cell is a device that transfers the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction of positively charged hydrogen ions with oxygen or another oxidizing agent [1]. Fuel cells can produce electricity continuously until these inputs are supplied. The first fuel cells were invented in 1838. Since then‚ fuel cells have been used in many other applications. Fuel cells are used for primary and backup power for industrial‚ commercial and residential buildings and in inaccessible
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(1998) 371±403 Corporate governance and board eectiveness Kose John a‚ Lemma W. Senbet a b 1 b‚* Stern School of Business‚ New York University‚ New York‚ NY 10012‚ USA Department of Finance‚ College of Business‚ University of Maryland‚ Tydings Hall‚ College Park‚ MD 20742‚ USA Abstract This paper surveys the empirical and theoretical literature on the mechanisms of corporate governance. We focus on the internal mechanisms of corporate governance (e.g.‚ corporate board of directors)
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