clergy‚ and the poor education of some of the members of the clergy. Key figures such as Martin Luther‚ Ulrich Zwingli‚ and John Calvin influenced the Protestant Reformation‚ and although it was unsuccessful‚ the Catholic Church responded with the Council of Trent. There were three key figures who influenced the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther was one of the most significant people during the Protestant Reformation. Luther believed in “justification by faith alone‚” or that faith alone will save
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Bibliography: Plass‚ Ewald M. What Luther Says. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House‚ 1959. Martin‚ Chemnitz. Examination of the Council of Trent. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House‚ 1999. Robert‚ Kolb. THe Book of Concord: The Confessions of the Evangelical Lutheran Church. Minneapolis: Fortress Press‚ 2000. Leith‚ John H. Creeds of the Churches. Louisville‚KY: John Knox Press‚ 1982
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Did the Counter-Reformation create a new and distinctive kind of spirituality? The Counter-Reformation‚ or Catholic Reformation as it is often referred to had ushered in an era of Catholic resistance to the Protestant Reformation. The Counter-Reformation can be defined by the various religious orders which sprang up during this Catholic resurgence and the approach in which they took in regards to responding the various social‚ artistic and political changes brought about by the Protestant Reformation
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himself‚ did not have the power to remit guilt. However‚ Council of Trent asserted that God had bestowed power to the pope to grant indulgence that could remit guilt since church was God’s representative in the earth. Another dissimilarity was in the definition of priesthood. In accordance to the Scripture‚ Zwingli claimed that all people could be regarded as priests if and only if they had demonstrated the word of God. However‚ Council of Trent disagreed with Zwingli’s definition of priests. According
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Protestantism founded by Martin Luther‚ who broke out of the Catholic Church system. This cause the Catholic Church to set and strengthen their position to face the rise of the protestant. This defense of the Church was organized by the Council of Trent. In fact‚ the Council of Trent created The Counter-Reformation which brought the idea that the power of Mannerism painting and religious
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Renaissance Polyphony: The Foundation of Modern Western Music Renaissance Polyphony: The Foundation of Modern Western Music The music of the Renaissance was essentially the beginning of all modern musical thought- the first to truly integrate various forms of harmony with definite structure. The music provided rapid and significant advancements in harmony within western music‚ evolving from the parallel lines of Ars Nova and culminating in the base ingredients for tonality and monodic chord
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accepted in the literal sense. The oppositions and the divisions in the church lead the church into forming an Ecumenical council in Trent and the Vatican Council of 1962 where Episcopal powers aimed to defend and reinforce the belief in Real Presence. The Eucharist as the Real Presence of Christ can be seen through the Eucharistic dogma provided by the the Council of Trent‚ Vatican II. Certain excerpts from scripture can be used to display the consistency of belief in the Eucharist as the literal
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Candide is a challenging book to read and analyze because the novel does not follow the writing style of a novel today. Despite this‚ the interactive oral was successful. My understanding of contextual and cultural considerations‚ including how and why certain characters partake in particular activities‚ expanded through the discussion. The discussion centered on who Candide‚ the main character‚ is. We concluded that Candide represents naivety. Developing Candide’s innocence and sheltering it‚
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Paul III in 1542‚ carried out the Roman Inquisition as a way to combat heresy. It had the power to arrest‚ imprison‚ and execute‚ but its influence was confined to papal territories. In 1545‚ after delay and miscarriage‚ the Council of Trent was convened by Paul III. This council was the central event of the Counter Reformation. In France the Counter Reformation took root‚ after the accession and conversion to Catholicism of Henry IV. In England the Counter Reformation took effect less in the restoration
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sacrifice. This happens differently depending on which faith one practices. The Catholic Church believes that once the bread and wine have been blessed‚ they cease to be bread and wine and actually become the body and blood of Christ. The Council of Trent‚ in the Middle Ages‚ gathered together theologians to put to rest the theory and description of transubstantiation. They ended up with eleven canons in regards to the Eucharist itself. Chapter four of their decree on transubstantiation is as
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