AP BIO REVIEW ~ UNIT 1 BIOCHEMISTRY ELEMENTS‚ COMPOUNDS‚ ATOMS‚ MOLECULES‚ IONS AND BONDS Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space Element: matter in its simplest form Compound: two or more elements combined in simple whole number ratios of atoms Atom: the smallest form of an element that still displays its particular properties Consists of a nucleus of positively charged protons and neutrally charged neutrons an electron cloud of negatively charged electrons An atom is
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different number of neutrons in the nucleus. 3. What is a covalent bond? An ionic bond? An ionic bond is formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another. Covalent bond forms when electrons are shared between atoms. 4. What is a compound? How are compounds related to molecules? Compound is a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions. The molecules form the compounds and that’s how they are related. 5. How do van der
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Course Name Fundamentals in Chemistry Course Code: CHEM 101 Course Provider: The Division of Arts‚ Sciences and General Studies Level 1 Semester in which course is offered: 1 No. of Credits: 4 Total Study Hours: 56 Course Description: This course introduces students to the fundamental concepts in chemistry. It explores the structure of the atom‚ bonding between atoms/particles‚ the concept of the mole‚ redox reactions‚ kinetic theory and energetics. A laboratory component will be
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REVIEW a. I‚. • • C • • c. • C 3. The effective nuclear charge is a. equal to the suns of the charges of the protons in the nucleus b. equal to the suns of the charges of the protons in the nucleus minus the sum of the electrons in the Outer shell c. lest than tire sum of the charges of the protons in the nucleus due to shielding by the electrons in the outer shell d. lest than the sum of the charges of the protons in tire nucleus due to nisielding by the
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• Pure substances can be further divided into elements and compounds. • An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into other substances through chemical means. • All the elements are found on the periodic table. Each element has its own chemical symbol. Examples are iron (Fe[pic] [pic])‚ sulphur (S[pic] [pic])‚ calcium (Ca[pic] [pic])‚ magnesium (Mg[pic] [pic]) and fluorine (F[pic] [pic]). • A compound is a A substance made up of two or more different elements that
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These substantial differences in electronegativity induce a separation of charge where the electrons are not evenly distributes over the entire molecule. As a result‚ these compounds can be difficult to control. Examples include NaCH3 and KCH2CH2CH3. The metals in both of these compounds have an oxidation of +1‚ which puts leaves a positive charge on the metal and a negative charge on the organic group. This makes the molecule even more unstable because typically these organic
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table? Q.4-Define Electro negativity/Electron Affinity/Ionization potential/Atomic radii CHAP NO.5 Q.1-Define ionic bond and explain about the formation of NaCl? Q.2-Define Covalent bonds and its types/Coordinate Covalent bond with example? Q.3-define Hydrogen bonding / London Forces/dipole –dipole forces Q.4-differentiate b/w ionic & covalent bond OR covalent & Coordinate covalent bond? CHAP NO.6 All Definitions CHAP NO.7 ALL definitions/Difference b/w solution and suspension CHAP NO.8
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and boiling points Very strong electrostatic bonds between the electrons and nucleuses make it very hard for heat to overcome the bonds which make the metal solid or liquid. Ionic Compounds: • Ionic substances consist of positive ions and negative ions arranged in a regular lattice • Ionic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions Property Explanation High melting and boiling points Strong electrostatic forces between the positive and negative ion
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Laboratory 9 Lab title: Conductivity of solutions and Household Items PURPOSE: To understand the compounds that dissociate (break into ions) when dissolved in water. Determine ionic compounds are electrolytes. To identify solutions as electrolytic and non-electrolytic‚ and to identify variations in conductivity among electrolytes. Substances that are capable of conducting an electric current in solution are known as electrolytes. Substances that do not conduct an electric current
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1. Which of the following polyatomic ions have a 3-ionic charge? a. Phosphate b. Hydrogen carbonate c. Sulfate d. Hydroxide e. Nitrate 2. In which of the following is the metric unit paired with its correct abbreviation? a. Centimeter/km b. Kilogram/cg c. Millimeter/mL d. Microgram/mg e. Gram/gm 3. The number of electrons in an ion with 20 protons and an ionic charge of 2- is? a. 22 b. 18 c. 20 d. 16 e. 24 4. Which of the following is a measurement of mass in the metric system
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