mantle is hotter than average causing ‘mantle plumes’ to rise to the bottom of the lithosphere‚ find a thin or weak part of the lithosphere‚ and breaks through. In the case of the Hawaiian islands‚ the hotspot is underneath an oceanic plate and the lava has built up until it is higher than the surface of the sea. These hotspots remain in the same place in relation to the mantle‚ but the plates move across the hotspots. The Pacific plate has moved across a hotspot in the ocean leaving the chain of
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June 2010 The hazards presented by volcanic and seismic events have the greatest impact on the world’s poorest people.” To what extent do you agree with this view? PLAN: 1. What is a hazard- volcanic hazards include tephra‚ lava‚ pyroclastic flows‚ volcanic bombs and seismic hazards include earthquake‚ tsunami‚ liquefaction‚ landslides 2. Human issues- proximity to lowland coast‚ ability to adapt to change‚ socioeconomic effects‚ impacts within a community‚ difference in rich and poor‚ urban and
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earthquakes. In fact‚ 62 A.D. marks the date of a very large precursor earthquake. Because earthquakes happen so frequently‚ there are‚ consequently‚ related volcanic eruptions. Mount Vesuvius is a composite volcano. This type of volcano has many layers of lava and ash. There are two kinds of eruptions. A composite volcano like Vesuvius will erupt with two kinds of eruptions‚ but never at the same
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the earth’s core. As the convection currents move the plates away from each other‚ there is a weaker zone in the crust and an increase in heat near the surface. The hotter‚ expanded crust forms a ridge. Magma rises up from the mantle in the gap. The lava cools‚ solidifies and forms a chain of volcanic mountains thousands of miles long down the middle of the ocean eg. Atlantic. There are transform faults at right angles to the ridge. The movement of these faults causes rift valleys to occur. Examples
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What causes a volcanic eruption? When a part of the earth’s upper mantle or lower crust melts‚ magma forms. A volcano is essentially an opening or a vent through which this magma and the dissolved gases it contains are discharged. Although there are several factors triggering a volcanic eruption‚ three predominate: the buoyancy of the magma‚ the pressure from the exsolved gases in the magma and the injection of a new batch of magma into an already filled magma chamber. What follows is a brief description
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Volcanoes are generally not preserved in the geologic rock record as they are usually eroded away. However‚ the various materials erupted from volcanoes are often found preserved in the rock record. From what you have learned about the different types of volcanoes‚ how could you infer what type of volcano erupted in a given area based on the type of volcanic deposits now found as layers of rock? Give specific examples‚ and briefly discuss how some materials may be linked to different types of volcanoes
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Fahrenheit. When the plant is emerged the female lays her eggs at the bottom of the corn stocks. They take around four weeks to emerge to the pupate stage based on the temperature and degree-days. They feed like the other two-corn rootworm‚ the lava stage feds on the roots of the plant and the adult’s feds on the crop’s leaves‚ silks‚ and
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Handout Differentiation of Magmas By Fractional Crystallization Karl R. Wirth Geology Department Macalester College St. Paul‚ MN 55105 wirth@macalester.edu Purpose: * improve understanding of fractional crystallization and magmatic differentiation * utilize mineralogy concepts (e.g.‚ stoichiometry) * utilizeclassification and chemical variation diagrams * provide practical experience designing and using spreadsheets * provide appreciation of the historical origins
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The motivation behind the Apollo missions was for the USA to be the first people to land on the moon. Russia had beaten us to outer-space and had put a satellite out in space before us. We wanted to be the first ones to reach the moon and to retrieve new information and data. Scientists needed the help of NASA to answer some important questions and hypotheses. Scientists wanted to know the origin of the moon‚ the temperature history of the moon‚ the cause of mascons‚ and the origin of tektites. Scientists
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into the city of Los Angeles‚ California. The evaporating of harmful gases‚ earthquakes‚ and some evidences from the manhole are the manifestations showed that an underground volcano was forming under the city. This means that there was already lava under the city and the ground cannot take the pressure anymore so it formed a volcano. The physical changes in the movie are the breaking of glasses from buildings‚ breaking of buildings‚ cracking of the ground‚ boiling of water from the pond‚
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