Utilitarianism: Bentham – Hedonic Calculus Bentham was a hedonist – he believed that pleasure is good in itself‚ and other things are good in so far as they bring about pleasure and the absence of pain. “Nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters‚ pain and pleasure.” You could work out which action to perform by calculating which option brought about the greatest amount of pleasure: Duration – how long does the pleasure last? Remoteness – how distant is the pleasure?
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DEAD STARS The story of Dead Stars‚ written by Paz Marquez Benitez in 1925‚ revolves around love among three people: Alfredo‚ Esperanza‚ and Julia. Alfredo Salazar‚ a lawyer on his early thirties then‚ was betrothed to Esperanza‚ whom he loved so much in his youth–Esperanza‚ who was beautiful‚ reserved‚ elegant‚ and distinctly not average. They were about to be wedded the following month‚ May‚ after about four years of engagement‚ although Alfredo seemed uncertain of his real wants. It is
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Assignment Paper 2 1. What do Act Utilitarianism believes? How do their beliefs differ from those of Rule Utilitarianism? According to Aggabao (2013)‚ act utilitarianism (AU) capture that people must implement that deed that well bring about the greatest benefit for all people who concerned. Act utilitarianism believes that each situation is different from other situations. On other word each situation is unique and non-repeatable. So each individual has to try to avoid about the greatest number
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Utilitarianism Definitions of Justice like “giving individuals what they deserve” or “equal distribution of resources” cause tension with utilitarianism concept because it states that what people ‘deserve’ is not essential as maximizing the overall well-being. The concept of utilitarianism is to maximize happiness or minimize suffering and none of these concepts bears a direct relationship with the concept of justice. So‚ a decrease in suffering or increase in happiness will not correlate with an
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Analysis Thesis: Objectors of Utilitarianism states that there is no time for calculating and weighing the effects on utilizing the general happiness. On the contrary‚ Mill says that mankind has been learning by experience the tendency of actions in order to know what is right and wrong. The rules of morality is improvable‚ therefore we should pass all that experience on others. However‚ improving the rules of morality is one thing‚ but to educate it to the younger is another; since there is still
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Extreme utilitarianism has a common-sense approach to moral dilemmas. As is the case when confronting the moral dilemma of euthanasia. The extreme utilitarian looks at euthanasia on a case by case basis. They will use reason to determine whether euthanasia is the right decision to make‚ and under what circumstances. For example‚ if the person is clearly suffering‚ with certain death fast approaching‚ euthanasia would be the most humane choice‚ and therefore the right action to take. Moral rules
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Mill’s ethical theory of Utilitarianism. Mill held two theories on utilitarianism‚ a normative and a psychological one. Normative views of Mills’ include his "principle of utility" which says actions are right if they produce the greatest amount of happiness and pleasure and wrong if they cause displeasure and pain. His psychological theory says people want to live in harmony with their fellow man and that they have a basic sensitivity to the needs of others. Utilitarianism is interested in promoting
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Act Utilitarianism is the treatment of each type of moral situation as a unique situation‚ therefore bring the maximum amount of happiness to everyone that is affected by the act. The agent in these types of situations must determine what is the right things that should be done for this exact situation in present time. The agent must not be bogged down by past experiences‚ as that will affect the judgment of what to do in this particular situation. While this type of utilitarianism is good in a variety
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LUtilitarianism Utilitarianism is an ethical theory which acts as a guideline on how people should act in certain situations and was first introduced by a hedonist (pursuer of pleasure) named Jeremy Bentham who put forward the ‘Principle of Utility’ which said “The greatest happiness for the greatest number”. Utilitarianism is a theory which bases on the end purpose (teleological) of achieving pleasure‚ our decisions should be based on consequences in pursuit of the principle of utility (consequentialist)
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John Rawls and Utilitarianism Heath C. Hoculock The social contract theory of John Rawls challenges utilitarianism by pointing out the impracticality of the theory. Mainly‚ in a society of utilitarians‚ a citizens rights could be completely ignored if injustice to this one citizen would benefit the rest of society. Rawls believes that a social contract theory‚ similar those proposed by Hobbes‚ Locke‚ and Rousseau‚ would be a more logical solution to the question of fairness in any government
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