A public–private partnership (PPP) is a government service or private business venture which is funded and operated through a partnership of government and one or more private sector companies. These schemes are sometimes referred to as PPP‚ P3 or P3. PPP involves a contract between a public sector authority and a private party‚ in which the private party provides a public service or project and assumes substantial financial‚ technical and operational risk in the project. In some types of PPP‚ the
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Faster implementation The allocation of design and construction responsibility to the private sector‚ combined with payments linked to the availability of a service‚ provides significant incentives for the private sector to deliver capital projects within shorter construction timeframes. Better risk allocation A core principle of any PPP is the allocation of risk to the party best able to manage it at least cost. The aim is to optimise rather than maximise risk transfer‚ to ensure that best
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dictionary of American English‚ ’Design’ as a noun informally refers to a plan for the construction of an object (as in architectural blueprint‚ circuit diagrams and sewing patterns) while “to design” (verb) refers to making this plan. And as per the same dictionary‚ advertising is an example of a vital design discipline known as ’Communication Design’. But even the lexicographers would agree that design doesn’t have any specific definition. It would be safe to say that design is the language that communication
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rains and floods are our major disaster the filipinos faced. Our fellow citizens lost a house‚ shelter and a home. As we always continue to stand and battle these crisis we are facing why can’t we build homes that could cope with the said conditions? Why would we suffer from houses that could not withstand the dangers of the climate. and it would be really troublesome to fix it all over again. Tropical Design deals with the building elements that are applicable and could withstand the different
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Materials are the heart of the product and are usually the starting point of many of my designs. Some of my products are by-products of the creative exploration of a new material. Materials are the bread and butter of any designer and significantly influence the products style and ethos. Wool Felt and Felted Synthetic Materials Felt in its many forms can be your best solution for product design challenges. Wool felt is one of the world’s oldest man-made fabrics because it does not require weaving
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Identify the reasons and benefits for working in partnership: There are lots of reasons why it is beneficial for practitioners to be working in partnership with parents‚ guardians and careers and other companies and one of these reasons is that it helps with meeting the care needs of the children. By working in partnership it also means that better outcomes for the children will be delivered because by passing on information about the child’s day to their parent/careers will let them know what they
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This report on Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) explains history and content of the deal‚ advantages and disadvantages of the deal‚ groups and parties in favour and against the deal and wider implications of TTIP on globalisation. What is the TTIP and how did it come about? Leaders at the EU-US summit of November 2011 set up a working group to find ways to increase growth and competitiveness‚ given shared concerns over economic stagnation and frustration at the lack of progress
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how it affects the design world in a positive or negative manner. As one pursues his or her journey through the many years of their career and life as a designer‚ does one query in a theoretical manner‚ the limits of design within the human species itself? It is very obvious‚ that it has been thought of or considered‚ but to what extent have we come to analyze the limitation on design with regards to the mentioned specific‐ human species. Our ability to design has always been a
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"Green" or "ecological design" is one positive response to the environmental crisis. It can be defined as any design or planning taking account of ecological principles such as the reduction of pollution‚ sustainable growth‚ recycling‚ energy efficiency and conservation of scarce resources. Green design results in fewer goods‚ smaller goods‚ or products made from environmentally friendly materials‚ that are cleaner‚ quieter and longer lasting or biodegradable. Green design can be traced back to
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A review by Dr. Ignatius Gwanmesia on how inter-professional partnership working impacts on service delivery (NHS) (2007) Introduction In a utopian scenario‚ inter-professionalism should reciprocate efficiency in service delivery for service users. However in practice‚ inherent constraints left unresolved can construe to hinder rather enhance the safeguarding of clients welfare. Service users are experts on their own needs‚ Smale et al (1993)‚ and
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