Lab 1: Effect of pH on a Food Preservative 6/11/13 Purpose: (1 point) To determine whether a chemical change occurs when Sodium Benzoate is acidified to Benzoic Acid. Theory: (2 points) Sodium Benzoate is a common food preservative found in jellies‚ jams‚ sodas‚ fruit juices‚ etc... Its acid‚ Benzoic Acid‚ is an organic preservative that stops the growth of bacteria‚ yeasts‚ and molds. Reaction: (3 points) Reaction: sodium benzoate + hydrochloric acid ( benzoic acid + sodium chloride
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NUCLEIC ACIDS I.BASIC CONCEPTS II.CLASSES III.CHEMICAL NATURE IV.FUNCTION I.BASIC CONCEPTS NUCLEIC ACIDS polymeric macromolecules‚ or large biological molecules‚ essential for all known forms of life are made from monomers known as nucleotides Each nucleotide has three components: a 5-carbon sugar‚ a phosphate group‚ and a nitrogenous base If the sugar is deoxyribose‚ the polymer is DNA. If the sugar is ribose‚ the polymer is RNA. Together with proteins‚ nucleic acids are the most
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GIVEN: TO DESIGN A 1000TPD CAPACITY H2SO4 ACID PLANT BASIS: 1 HOUR OF OPERATION. PURITY: PRODUCT WHICH IS TO BE MANUFACTURED IS ASSUMED TO HAVE STRENGTH OF 98% ACID. 1000TPD implies that we have Acid 1000 x 10 / 24 = 41666.67 Kg/Hr of 3 With 98% purity‚ the acid that is produced per hour = (98 x 41666.67) / 100 = 40833.34 Kg/Hr Kmoles of Sulfuric acid to be produced = 40833.34 / 98 = 416.667 Kmoles/Hr It’s assumed that overall absorption of the acid is 100 % = 416.667 / 1.0 Then‚ SO3 required
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pH indicators‚ in chemistry‚ are usually a weak acid or base that are naturally occurring in various plants and flowers and can act as dyes. Some examples of indicators are Litmus (Comes from a plant species called a lichen)‚ Phenolphthalein‚ Thymol blue‚ Bromocresol green and Universal indicator. All these indicators have a certain turning point in color once a certain concentration equilibrium of Hydrogen cations in reached (H +) or a certain concentration equilibrium of H3O+(Also OH - using Arrhenius
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Determination of Energy Balancing In a fuel cell power vehicle: http://www.scribd.com/doc/49625260/39/Fuel-Cell-Energy-Balances Fuel Cell * What is fuel cell * Why we need fuel cell * History of fuell cells * Mathematical methods * Classification of fuel cells * Parts of a fuel cell * Fuel Cell Setup * Modeling of fuel cell * Fuel cell system design * Advantages and disadvantages of fuel cell * Future scope of fuel cell Energy Balance in Fuel Cells
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Science one world essay – Acid Rain Acid rain has been an important global issue for centuries. Although most acid rain is caused by human activities‚ some acid rain occurs naturally. An example of natural acid rain is erupting volcanos‚ they give off smoke containing water vapor‚ carbon dioxide‚ sulphur dioxide and nitrogen compounds. The sulphur dioxide and nitrogen compounds cause small amounts of acid rain near the volcano. Pure water is not an acid‚ but even clean rainwater is slightly acidic
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Title: Estimation of Ascorbic acid Aim: To determine the ascorbic acid content of canned apple and orange juice To determine the volume of canned juice necessary to provide 75mg of Vitamin C Introduction: For the estimation of ascorbic acid‚ the method used involved the titration of the ascorbic acid‚ in the presence of a redox indicator 2‚6-dichlorophenol-indophenol (DCPIP) which acts as both an oxidant so as to oxidise the ascorbic acid to dehydroascorbic acid‚ and it acts as an indicator
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Experiment #5: Acid Burn!!! Introduction The goal of this lab was to correctly prepare a 0.2M solution of NaOH‚ identify highly acidic household cleaning chemicals‚ and determine their concentration (molarity) through titrations using the previously prepared 0.2M NaOH solution. Experimental First‚ to create 0.5L of 0.2M solution of NaOH‚ standard 3M NaOH solution was obtained. Next‚ calculations were performed to determine the amount 3M NaOH necessary to create 0.5L of the 0.2M solution and‚ as
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EMISSIONS FROM ADIPIC ACID AND NITRIC ACID PRODUCTION A C K N O WL E D G E M E N T S This paper was written by Heike Mainhardt (ICF Incorporated) and reviewed by Dina Kruger (USEPA). ABSTRACT Nitrous oxide (N2O) is generated as a by-product during the production of adipic acid and nitric acid. The main use for adipic acid is as a component of nylon-6/6; thus production trends are closely correlated with nylon consumption trends. Worldwide‚ there are very few adipic acid plants. The U.S. is
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Chamberlin Date: 29 April 2017 Experiment Title: Acid-Base Titration Abstract: Vinegar is a common household item containing acetic acid as well as some other chemicals. This experiment is designed to determine the molar concentration of acetic acid in a sample of vinegar by titrating it with a standard solution of NaOH. CH3COOH(aq) + NaOH(aq) -> CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l) By adding the sodium hydroxide‚ which is a basic solution‚ to the acetic acid‚ which is an acidic solution‚ a neutralization
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