Introduction Starch is composed of α-amylose and amylopectin. The structure of α-amylose consists of long polymer chains of glucose units connected by an α (1-4) linkage. Amylopectin consists mainly of α (1-4) linked glucose residues but is a branched molecule with α (1-6) branch points every 24 to 30 glucose residues on average. As a result of the bond angles in the α (1-4) linkage‚ amylose actually forms a spiral much like a coiled spring. Amylose is responsible for the formation of a deep blue
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Introduction This practical experiment was performed in an attempt to observe how enzymes (starch phosphorylase in particular) are affected by varying its temperature before introducing it to the substrate it will be reacting with. A catalyst (enzyme) is a substance that changes the rate of a reaction; for a reaction to take place at all‚ the enzyme must first come into contact with the substrate. Enzymes are subject to a number of factors which effect how fast they can cause a reaction with a substrate;
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sizes of molecules and how the chemical reactions take place. Therefore‚ the experiment was conducted using glucose and starch solution inside the dialysis tube. The starch and glucose that was put inside the dialysis tube help identify which of the two will reacted with potassium iodide inside the breaker‚ as the latter passed from the beaker into the tube‚ the glucose/starch solution’s change of color showed that the potassium iodide was small enough that it able to pass through from the solution
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The first half of module seven discussed protein digestion‚ absorption‚ and metabolism; while the second half focused on pathological stress and kidney disease. Protein digestion occurs in the stomach and small intestine. When a protein reaches the stomach it is denatured by hydrochloric acid. Once the protein is digested pepsin breaks apart the denatured protein into peptides. Peptides move into the small intestine where they encounter an enzyme that digest the peptides into di- or tripeptides‚
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The effect of Lead ions on amylase activity Aim What is the effect of Lead ions on the enzyme Amylase. And does it have an inhibitory effect‚ which causes the substrate‚ in this case starch to be blocked from the reaction process in the enzyme catalyst. Also is the effect reversible or irreversible‚ which is put on the amylase. Method Apparatus and substances required Test tube holder 2% starch solution 6 boiling tubes labelled 1 to 6 1% lead nitrate solution 6 test tubes labelled A to E‚
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Experiment 1 Salivary Gland Chromosome Preparation Introduction: Microscopic‚ threadlike part of the cell and a structured DNA which carries hereditary information in the form of genes is a chromosome. Endomitosis is mitosis without nuclear or cellular division. This produces many copies of the same chromosome in a single nucleus (Kim 2004). For this experiment‚ I hypothesize that D. melanogaster undergoes endomitosis meaning without cellular mitotic division. If it undergoes endomitosis‚ then
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released. These are the most commonly made of recycled and/or natural organic materials. They utilize nature’s abundant supplies to create a replica or substitute for our plastics. One example would be the “Biodegradable plastic bags” made from the starch of the Cassava plant (Manihot esculent). The new plastic has been able to capture the interests of buyers‚ enabling it to advocate the benefits and obvious effects one can receive from using an eco friendly product. To further elaborate the example
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Objective: To investigate how pH affects the rate of protein digestion Hypothesis: I predict that since pepsin breaks down the material the quickest at a pH of 2 in the stomach‚ test tubes #3 will reduce the greatest because it has pepsin to further break down the egg. Whereas the other test tubes will have a smaller reduction. I think test tube #2 will have the second largest reduction rate and then #6 because they all will have a greater rate at breaking down the material‚ Then‚ I predict the
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Human Digestion Summary Nicole Koch SCI/241 August 1‚ 2012 Bruce Elliott Human Digestion Summary The digestive system provides two main functions‚ absorption and digestion. The main part of the digestive system is the gastrointestinal tract also referred to as the GI tract. This runs all the way from the mouth to the anus‚ about thirty feet long. The GI tract is made up of the mouth‚ pharynx‚ esophagus‚ stomach‚ small intestine‚ large intestine and anus. The transit time is the amount
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3.0 Introduction The methodology involves five main steps; the collection of hair samples‚ the distribution of questionnaires‚ the washing of samples‚ the digestion of the samples‚ and the analysis of metal contents in the hair. 3.1 Materials and reagents used during the experiment The apparatus and chemicals that were used in the previously mentioned experimental steps are summarised in table 3.0. Steps Materials Reagents Collection of hair samples 1. Stainless Steel Scissors 2. Plastic bags
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