Autosome: a chromosome that is not involved in determining the sex of an organism Homologous chromosome: a chromosome that contains the same sequence of genes as another chromosome Gene: a part of a chromosome that governs the expression of a trait and is passed on to offspring; it has a specific DNA sequence Allele: a different form of the same gene Karyotype: a photograph of pairs of homologous chromosomes in a cell Cell Theory * all living things are composed of one or more cells * cells
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chromosome affected non sex or sex chromosome. It also depends on whether the trait is dominant or recessive. Dominant inheritance means an abnormal gene from one parent can source disease. This happens even when the identical gene from the other parent is normal. The abnormal gene dominates.This disease can also happen as a new condition in a child when neither parent has the abnormal gene.A parent with an autosomal dominant condition has a chance of having a child with the condition. This is accurate for
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difference between a genotype and a phenotype? 2. Write the genotype of a homozygous recessive‚ homozygous dominant‚ and heterozygous pea plant using the trait flower color (p). 3. Different versions of a gene are called ____________. 4. Why are there always two alleles present for each gene at a specific locus? 5. True or False. A dominant allele is always written with a capital letter‚ whereas the recessive allele is always written in lower-case. 6. True or False. In a sperm or egg
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cross fertilizing 4. A short pea plant is (a) homozygous recessive (b) homozygous dominant (c) heterozygous (d) a dihybrid 5. Which describes a dominant trait in garden peas? (a) wrinkled‚ yellow peas (b) inflated‚ yellow pods (c) round green peas (d) purple‚ axial flowers 6. During what phase of meiosis do homologous chromosomes cross over? (a) prophase I (b) anaphase I (c) telophase I (d) telophase II 7. Recessive traits appear only when an organism is (a) mature (b) different
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collectively influence phenotype. 3. Pleiotropy: when a gene controls multiple phenotypic effects 4. Epistasis: When a gene at one locus alters the phenotypic expression of a gene at a second locus 5. Carrier: a person who is heterozygous for a recessive disease and therefore does not display the phenotype (disease). They are called carriers because although they are phenotypically normal with regard to the disorder‚ they can transmit the recessive allele to their offspring. They are heterozygotes
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will discuss how the biological factors contribute to a child’s development. First‚ we will examine the basic foundation of genetics‚ how they are formed and transferred. Then‚ we will see what traits can be attributed to genes. Finally‚ we will look at what can happen when a gene mutates. By examining these three things‚ we can begin to explain why some people are so different than others. The very beginning of a child’s development starts with their mother and father. The mother contributes what
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homozygous dominant individuals‚ 25% of the offspring may have the recessive phenotype. F 5. A parent cell makes gametes through the process of mitosis. T 6. It is entirely likely for a gene to have more than two alleles. F 7. Incomplete dominance occurs when the recessive allele is not completely dominant. T 8. Your height and skin color are not just due to your genes. F 9 In a cross between an individual homozygous dominant for two characteristics and an individual homozygous recessive for the same
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Genetics / Hardy-Weinberg Problems Directions: Work out the following problems on a separate piece of paper. Show ALL work and circle your answers. 1) If the frequency of a recessive allele is 30% in a population of 100 people‚ how many would you predict would be carriers of this allele‚ but would not express the recessive phenotype? q= 0.30 p= 0.70 Carriers = 2pq = 2(.3)(.7) = .42 #= (.42)(100) = 42 individuals 2) From a sample of 278 American Indians‚ the following MN blood types were
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Blueprint of Life: Gregor Mendel’s Experiments and the Inheritance of Characteristics How and When Mendel carried out his experiments: a. Briefly outline Mendel’s biography • Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) was an Augustinian monk of Austrian origin and is known as the Father of Genetics. • During his childhood he worked as a gardener‚ and as a young man attended the Olmutz Philosophical Institute. • In 1843 he entered an Augustinian monastery in Brunn‚ Czechoslovakia.
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* Meiosis – cell division for gamete production * In specialized tissues * Produces cells with the 1n chromosome number * Two Divisions * Meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes * Meiosis II separates sister chromisis * Asexual Reproduction * Mitotic division * Identical offspring * Sexual Reproduction * Fuse gametes from parents (syngamy) to produce a zygote * Each parent contributes half the genetic material * Increase the diversity of
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