Reaction Introduction: This lab experimented on the reactions of the chemicals that undergoes SN1 or SN2 reaction. Nine different compounds were given to be examined with two reagents - NaI in acetone and AgNO3 in ethanol. The SN1 reaction happens in AgNO3 in ethanol reagents‚ and SN2 reaction is in NaI in acetone. Procedure: Following the lab manual. Results: compound NaI /acetone (SN2) AgNO3/ethanol (SN1) Bromobenzene NR NR Bromocyclopentane X 2 sec Bromocyclohexane NR 4 sec
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Since we’ve gone through the different factors that impact the SN1 and SN2 reactions‚ it’s worthwhile to review and summarize the different factors behind each of these two reactions. But first – have you ever heard of the Hobo on the bench? You’re in a park on a lovely summer day and you want to sit on a bench. Trouble is‚ a hobo is sleeping on it. So what do you do? There are two options. 1. You can kick the hobo off and sit on the bench. 2. You can wait for the hobo to leave‚ and then
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3-dimethyl-cyclohexane E. S-3-ethyl-R-6-S-6-dimethyl-cyclohexanol HO M. Predict the most likely mechanism(s) for the reaction of cis-3-methyl-chloro-cyclohexane with sodium methoxide (in methanol as the solvent) – circle one option. A. SN2 B. C. D. E. E1 SN1 E2 E2 and SN2 N. With which reagent is cis-2-methyl-cyclopentanol most likely to undergo rearrangement? A. NaOH in protic solvent B. C. D. E. water Concentrated H2SO4 KOC(CH3)3 in aprotic solvent NaNH2 in aprotic solvent Chem. 121 Final
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nucleophiles by an SN2 mechanism. Secondary alkyl halides‚ often react with simple basic nucleophiles to give a mixture of products arising from both substitution and elimination. As with substitution reactions‚ the rate at which elimination reactions proceed can be proportional to both the concentration of the base and the concentration of the reactant alkyl halide (an "E2" reaction (elimination bimolecular)‚ or the rate can be proportional only to the alkyl halide (an "E1" reaction (elimination
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we are learning about two of these cases: SN1 and SN2. Many other reactions in this class proceed by mechanisms that are best described as somewhat between the two extremes. The SN2 reaction occurs in a single step. The nucleophile simultaneously attaches to the substrate as the leaving group leaves. The reaction displays second-order kinetics; its rate is proportional to the concentrations of the both the substrate and the nucleophile. In a SN1 reaction‚ the first step is departure of the
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CHEM 2325 Organic Chemistry II Handout #1A – Alcohols 1) What type of orbital do the lone pair electrons on oxygen occupy in ethanol? A) σ B) π C) p D) sp E) sp3 2) Provide the structure of the major organic product in the reaction below. 3) Provide the structure of the major organic product in the reaction below. 4) Provide the structure of the major organic product in the reaction below. 5) Provide the structure of the major organic product in the reaction
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Halides EXPERIMENT 1: Preparation and Reactivity of Alkyl Halides Relevant Sections in the text (Wade‚ 7 ed.) • 6.7 (p. 228) Reactions of alkyl halides • 6.8 – 6.12 (p. 229 – 242) The SN2 reaction: generality‚ factors affecting SN2 reactions‚ substrate reactivity‚ mechanism • 6.13 – 6.14 (p. 243 – 249) The SN1 reaction: mechanism‚ stereochemistry General Concepts The most common of the variety of methods available for preparing alkyl halides is the replacement of the hydroxyl group of an alcohol
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Reactivity’s of Some Alkyl Halides- SN2 & SN1 A. Johnson 8/28/12 CHM236 Objective: To test the ten compounds found in the physical data table that follows‚ and observe them by categorizing the reactions as Sn1 and SN2. Physical data: Compound M.W. (g/mol) Melting Point (C°) Boiling Point (C°) Density (g/mL) Solubility Safety Considerations 2-chlorobutane 92.57 -140 68 0.87 very slightly soluble in cold water Irritant with skin‚ lung‚ and eyes. 2-bromobutane
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substitution of alcohols are termed SN1 and SN2. The “S” stands for substitution‚ the “N” stands for nucleophilic‚ and the “1” or “2” stand for unimolecular or bimolecular. Secondary alcohols react with hydrogen halides by both SN1 and SN2 mechanisms‚ primary alcohols react by SN2 and tertiary alcohols by SN1. Tertiary alcohols react readily with HX alone to form the alkyl halide‚ while secondary and primary alcohols require the presence of zinc chloride or heat. In an SN1 reaction‚ the protonated alcohol
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substitution reactions and the various mechanisms by which they can occur. In a substitution reaction‚ a leaving group‚ usually a halide‚ is replaced by a nucleophile. Two mechanisms have been described for this reaction‚ a unimolecular (SN1) mechanism‚ and a bimolecular (SN2) mechanism. The stepwise unimolecular mechanism proceeds through a carbocation intermediate. These reactions are favored by the use of a substrate that can form a stable carbocation‚ either through hyperconjugation or resonance
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