1)Abstract 2)Introduction 3)Causes of earthquakes 4)Basic terminology: a)Hypocentre‚ b)Epicentre c)Focal depth 5)Earthquake size a)Magnitude b)Intensity 6) Earthquake hazard a)Primary effects b)Secondary effects 7)Earthquake loads on buildings 8)How Buildings Respond to Earthquakes 9)Common Modes of Failure a)Structural
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12 7.0 Conclusion 13 8.0 Reference 14 The effect of earthquake on buildings in Japan 1.0 Abstract The country of Japan is an island. The population in Japan is considered quite high‚ about 127‚817‚277 people in this small country. Therefore‚ this has made Japan became one of the most tightly populated country in the world‚ ranking the 36th placing. Earthquakes are very common in Japan. In fact‚ Japan had suffered more earthquakes compared to other. Therefore‚ engineers have put in a lot of
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EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING IN AUSTRALIA BEFORE MECKERING AND AFTER NEWCASTLE by Charles Bubb BE‚ DIC (Eng. Seis.)‚ FIEAust‚ CPEng SUMMARY Earthquake Engineering in Australia‚ as elsewhere‚ has been formulated in the aftermath of damaging earthquakes. The first Australian Code AS2121-1979 was written and published after the 1968 Meckering WA earthquake. The second AS1170.4 1993 was published after the 1989 Newcastle NSW earthquake. Good quality Building Codes are a necessary basis for sound earthquake
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EARTHQUAKE An earthquake (also known as a tremor‚ temblor or seismic activity) is the result of a sudden release of energy in the earth’s crust that creates SEISMIC WAVES. Earthquakes are measured with a seismometer; a device which also records is known as a seismograph. SEISMIC DEFORMATION When an earthquake fault ruptures‚ it causes two types of deformation: static; and dynamic. Static deformation is the permanent displacement of the ground due to the event. The earthquake cycle progresses
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Hurricanes and earthquakes are two of the most dangerous natural disasters. There aren’t any similarities between hurricane and earthquakes in the way they are caused but they both cause destruction and death resulting from diseases and destruction of buildings. Let’s examine what causes these calamities and how to remain safe when they occur. Hurricanes form over warm ocean waters near the equator. They are formed when moist air over the ocean rises upward causing an area of lower air pressure
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The largest earthquake recorded in the 20th century is the 1960 Valdivia earthquake‚ also known as the Great Chilean earthquake which occurred on May 22‚ 1960 and hit approximately 100 miles off the coast of Chile‚ which is parallel to the city of Valdivia. With a rate of 9.5 on the moment magnitude scale‚ this earthquake occurred in the afternoon and lasted approximately 2 minutes (brit). After just thirty minutes of the major earthquake‚ a foreshock shook the area near the towns of Valdivia and
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Haiti Earthquake Notes Geography A2 Waller Hazards 2012-2013 GRW Tiarè Cole Where was it? * Port-au-Prince has a population of around 2million people Western Haiti‚ Caribbean Sea * The epicentre occurred around Port-au-Prince and as a result the majority of damage: Why did it happen? * Haiti has two fault lines running through it: * Professor Paul Mann was one of the first people to write about and predict the Earthquake * Much of the improper buildings in Haiti were as
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but unfortunately the massive earthquake that hit on 26th December 2003 at 05:26 local time destroyed the entire city. An estimation from the United States Geological Survey reports that the earthquake measured 6.6 on the Richter scale‚ they also say that the epicentre was 185km southeast of Kerman. Before After The Earthquake This huge earthquake took the lives of 26‚271 people
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The 2010 Haiti earthquake was a catastrophic disaster; the earthquake measured 7.0 on the Richter scale. Its epicenter was near the town of Léogâne‚ approximately 25 km west of Haiti’s capital‚ Port-au-Prince. The earthquake occurred on Tuesday‚ January 12th‚ 2010. By January 24th‚ at least 52 aftershocks had been recorded‚ most measuring 4.5 on the Richter scale. The ground shook vigorously for nearly two minutes. The quake caused major damage to Port-au-Prince‚ and other towns in the region. Several
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Period 5 March 19‚ 2013 Essay The history of these earthquakes caused major damage in Earthquakes occur every day on Earth‚ but the vast majority of them are minor and cause no damage. Large earthquakes can cause serious destruction and massive loss of life through a variety of damages can occur including fault rupture‚ intensive shaking‚ tsunami‚ dam failure‚ landslide and fire or hazardous materials could realease. In a particular earthquake‚ any of these disasterious events of damage can occur
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