PUBLIC POLICY Public policy may be defined as a course of action taken by a government to address an issue or a matter of national importance or resolve a problem or a crisis ~ Peter Johnson Other definitions of public policy are: "Public policy is a purposeful and consistent course of action taken as a response to a perceived problem of a nation‚ formulated by a specific political process‚ and adopted‚ implemented and enforced by a public agency." ~ Wayne Hayes " The term public policy
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Theory of Public Administration and Public Policy § "The debate between scientific management and human relations is a continuing one. It may be tempting to regard the theories of Taylor and Mayo as mutually exclusive-at one time one theory is pre-eminent while at other time the other is- but this would be misleading". Discuss; particularly refer whether this is still a viable argument in public administration theory? § In the evolution of public administration as a discipline there
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CRIME AND POLICING IN NIGERIA: CHALLENGES AND OPTIONS Etannibi e.o. ALEMIKA Innocent c. Chukwuma CLEEN Foundation Page 2 6/29/2005 © CLEEN FOUNDATION 2004 ISBN: 978-35160-9-4 CLEEN FOUNDATION 1A Afolabi Aina street Off Allen Avenue Ikeja‚ Lagos – Nigeria Telephones: 234-1-4933195; 4935338; 4935339 E-Mail: cleen@cleen.org CLEEN Foundation Page 3 6/29/2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS Aknowledgements v Preface Etannibi E.O. Alemika and Innocent C. Chukwuma vi Welcoming Address
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FOUNDATIONS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION I. Understanding Public Administration Meaning of Public Administration From a very broad perspective‚ public administration may be viewed to refer not only to those activities involved in carrying out or in implementing the policies and programs of the government but also the processes and contents of these policies and programs. Meaning of Public Administration From a broader perspective‚ public administration may refer to cooperative human
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PROCESSES INVOLVES IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Business Administration: Business administration and management is a popular career choice‚ especially in the United States and other capitalist countries where big business is so prevalent. Business managers typically carry a great deal of responsibility and may count among their duties anything from basic decision-making to training and employee relations. Typical training for corporate managers includes receiving an advanced degree referred
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Financial Administration Finance is the life blood of very business. As personnel and materials which are necessary for the functioning of any office‚ industry‚ enterprise can be made available through money. Hence‚ finance plays an important role in the business. Socio-economic forces unleashed by industrial revolution have given a new meaning and dynamic content to financial administration. Meaning of Financial Administration The term Financial Administration consists of two words. ’Finance’
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Introduction Interests in the study of economic growth and development have been on the increase especially since the middle of the present century. Economic growth results in the expansion of a country’s production possibility curve such that the potential output of the country is increased beyond the previous levels. Thus growth is often defined in terms of a sustained increase in the real per capita income of a country. Simon Kuznets in (Todaro‚ 1885)‚ defined a country’s economic growth as
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Assessee Perception towards Direct Tax Code (DTC) 1 1‚2 Dept. of FMS‚ Gurukul Kangri University‚ Haridwar‚ UK‚ India tax regime as it is based on well accepted principles of taxation and best international practices. It will eventually pave the way for a single unified taxpayer reporting system. The Philosophy behind such replacement is to make the Direct Taxes Code very easy and simple so that tax payers themselves can‚ without help of experts compute and file Income Tax Returns. In planning and framing
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Effectiveness and Efficiency Businesses often discuss about ways to improve their managements. Employee effectiveness and efficiency is a beneficial process for enhancing a business‚ although they may sound similar they are entirely different. Effectiveness means when a business is successful in producing the desired strategies planned by the employees‚ mainly the managers. Whilst efficiency measures the relationship between minimum inputs with a maximum output. There are common issues that
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Effectiveness Effectiveness is the level of results from the actions of employees and managers. Employees and managers who demonstrate effectiveness in the workplace help produce high-quality results. Take‚ for instance‚ an employee who works the sales floor. If he’s effective‚ he’ll make sales consistently. If he’s ineffective‚ he’ll struggle to persuade customers to make a purchase. Companies measure effectiveness often by conducting performance reviews. The effectiveness of a workforce has an
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