Abstract This experiment is about the synthesis of 3-nitrobenzaldehyde through nitration. The nitration of benzaldehyde is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction‚ in which a proton of an aromatic ring is replaced by a nitro group. Many aromatic substitution reactions are known to occur when an aromatic substrate is allowed to react with a suitable electrophilic reagent‚ and many other groups besides nitro may be introduced into the ring. Although the reaction produced a low
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INTRODUCTION Plant pigments consist of four main chemicals. These are Chlorophylls‚ The carotenoids‚ Anthocyanin and Betacaine. The aims of this experiment is to separate the plant pigment into different colours using solvents and column chromatography. The hypothesis of this experiment is that this plant pigment from spinach will contain the chlorophyll pigment or may contain the others too. Chlorophyll: Chlorophyll a is the main component of the plant pigments. This is used for the most
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109.302 g 9. A calculator answer of 423.6059 must be rounded off to 3 significant figures. What answer is reported? a. 420 b. 424 c. 423.7 d. 423 e. 423.6 10. Double and triple bonds form because a. The atoms involved have high electronegativities b. Single covalent bonds do not give all the atoms in the molecule 8 valence electrons c. One of the atoms in the molecule has more than 8 valence electrons d. The ions involved have charges larger than 1 e. There is at least 1 hydrogen
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Chemistry Revision F331 Isotopes - atoms with the same atomic number‚ but different mass numbers 131I - radioactive tracer for thyroid. 99Tc for tumours. Radioisotopes - gamma emitters & short half life - long enough to detect‚ but not long enough for damage. Beta particles emitters are more useful than alpha particle emitters because they penetrate more and so are more easily detected. Also‚ less damaging. The half life is the time taken for half the isotope to decay Mass left = initial
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Fluorine Properties - What are the Physical Properties of Fluorine? What are the Physical Properties of Fluorine? The Physical properties of Fluorine are the characteristics that can be observed withoutchanging the substance into another substance. Physical properties are usually those that can be observed using our senses such as color‚ luster‚ freezing point‚ boiling point‚ melting point‚ density‚ hardness and odor. The Physical Properties of Fluorine are as follows: What are the Physical
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Unit 2 Lecture Study Guide 1) What are the parts of an atom? Where are the subatomic particles found? The atoms are the smallest units of matter with their own chemical characteristics. The atoms are divided into 2 parts. The first part is the central nucleus and the electron cloud. The central nucleus contains very heavy particles and the electron cloud contains very light moving particles. The subatomic particles are the protons‚ neutrons‚ and the electrons. They are located
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Biology 113 Review sheet Chapter 2: * What is a compound and how is it different than an element? Compound is more than one element. An element cannot be broken down by chem. Rxns. * What are the 4 main elements of life? Why? C‚H‚O‚N they make up 96% of living matter and they are found in all of the major macromolecules * Be able to calculate the number of protons‚ neutrons and electrons given an element’s mass number or atomic number. If given this symbol - 4He – can you tell
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CHEMISTRY 110 GENERAL CHEMISTRY I INFORMATION SHEET Fall 2011 Instructors: Professor Ashok Kakkar Otto Maass Chemistry Building‚ room 313 Tel: (514) 398-6912 Office hours: By appointment‚ e-mail via WebCT to arrange meetings. E-mail: use webCT Professor Scott Bohle Otto Maass Chemistry Building‚ room 233A Tel: (514) 398-7409 Office hours: By appointment‚ e-mail via WebCT to arrange meetings E-mail: use webCT Professor Bryan Sanctuary Otto Maass Chemistry Building‚ room 224 Tel: (514) 398-6930
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iron(II) oxide versus iron(III) oxide. 1 Formation 2 Structure 2.1 Molecular oxides 3 Reactivity 3.1 Reduction 3.2 Hydrolysis 4 Nomenclature and formulas 5 Examples of oxides 6 See also 7 References Formation Main article: corrosion Due to its electronegativity‚ oxygen forms stable chemical bonds with almost all elements to give the corresponding oxides. Noble metals (such as gold or platinum) are prized because they resist direct chemical combination with oxygen‚ and substances like gold(III) oxide must
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1 Lab Report on Oxidation & Reduction I. Metal-Metal Ion Displacement II. Halogen Displacement Reactions INTRODUCTION A series of experiments had been conducted to determine the order of displacement strengths of the metals and halogen chosen for the experiments. A displacement reaction is a reaction in which one element(metal or non-metal) displaces another element(metal or non-metal) from its salt solution. In the displacement reaction of metals‚ the more
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