Chapter 46: Organization of endocrine control Two major systems evolved to communicate and coordinate body functions Nervous system Endocrine system Hormones are carried through the blod to distant target tissue where they are recognized by specific‚ high-affinity receptors These receptors may be located either on the surface of target tissue‚ within the cytosol‚ or in the target cell’s nucleus Once a hormone is recognized by its target tissue or tissues‚ it can exert its biologic action by
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the LCT and UCT causes the endotherm’s metabolic rate to increase. We can hypothesize that when the temperature falls below the LCT or above the UCT‚ the percent O2 consumption will increase‚ and thus‚ the metabolic rate. The hypothesis was supported by the result received in this lab. The thermal neutral zone (TNZ) of an endotherm is its temperature tolerance range. For the mouse‚ this is about room temperature. It is seen that in the TNZ‚ the metabolic rate decreases from about 1.75 to 1 (Fig 1)
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How Hormones Effect the Endocrine System Introduction: The endocrine system primarily relies on the negative feedback mechanism. The endocrine system influences metabolic activities by sending out chemical messengers through the blood called hormones. Once released into the blood these hormones are transported throughout the body. The effects of these hormones are wide spread and vary from reproduction‚ growth and development‚ immunities‚ maintaining electrolyte levels‚ water and nutrient balance
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The Endocrine System System Although we rarely think about them‚ the glands of the endocrine system and the hormones they release influence almost every cell‚ organ‚ and function of our bodies. The endocrine system is instrumental in regulating mood‚ growth and development‚ tissue function‚ and metabolism‚ as well as sexual function and reproductive processes. In general‚ the endocrine system is in charge of body processes that happen slowly‚ such as cell growth. Faster processes like breathing
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Introduction: Basal Metabolic Rate has been defined as the minimum amount of energy needed by an animal to maintain the basic functions of survival (such as breathing). Several factors including age‚ gender‚ weight‚ and exercise affect the BMR. "BMR increases with increasing muscle tissue" therefore‚ exercising will enhance BMR while with increasing age‚ BMR is reduced (Scott‚ 2008). Also gender differences exist between males and females; it has been shown that males have higher BMRs
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Metabolic rate refers to the “amount of oxygen consumed by the body cells” (Farlex‚ n.d.). it can be affected by numerous factors‚ some of which being the mass of the animal‚ its physical activity and temperature. Invertebrates are able to live in highly variable conditions due to their metabolism having evolved over time. Homeotherms are animals that are able to maintain a specific body temperature without relying on the temperature from its surroundings. Poikilotherms on the other hand do the exact
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Unlike Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) Body Mass Index (BMI) is determined by an individual’s height and body weight. It is widely used to determine whether the individual belongs to a healthy weight group. In simpler terms body mass index is the value that represents the weight status of human body in relation of the amount of fat present in it. Similar to Basal Metabolic Rate now it is also possible to easily calculate body mass index using BMI calculator for men and women. Similar to BMR calculator
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so don’t JUST study this! DO NOT FORGET – Exam 4 due Monday at noon! Endocrine System Hormones: functions‚ where they’re secreted from‚ etc. Adrenal Glands: Cortex: Zona Glomerulosa mineralcorticoids - Aldosterone Zona Fasiculata glucocorticoids – Cortisol (synergist)‚ allows glucagon to work – sugar-preserving hormone Zona Reticularis gonadocorticoids - Androgens Medulla: Catecholamines: stressor hormones Epinephrine Norepinephrine Osteoporosis – reduction in the mass
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Invertebrate Endocrinology Overview of the Endocrine System * System of ductless glands that secrete hormones * Hormones are “messenger molecules” * Circulate in the blood * Act on distant target cells * Target cells respond to the hormones for which they have receptors * The effects are dependent on the programmed response of the target cells * Hormones are just molecular triggers * Basic categories of hormones * Amino acid based: modified amino acids (or amines)
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Research each of the following and write a paragraph describing the endocrine gland‚ hormone‚ target tissue‚ symptoms‚ causes‚ and treatment options. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) Human chorionic gonadotropin‚ or hCG‚ is a hormone that helps with the development of an egg in a woman’s ovary‚ as well as the release of the egg during ovulation. If the body doesn’t produce enough hCG on it’s own‚ you can receive injections of it. The injections aren’t for women only‚ they can be used in men to
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