Vol. 78‚ No. 1‚ April‚ pp. 25–62‚ 1999 Article ID obhd.1999.2826‚ available online at http://www.idealibrary.com on On the Social Psychology of Agency Relationships: Lay Theories of Motivation Overemphasize Extrinsic Incentives Chip Heath Duke University Three laboratory studies and one field study show that people generally hold lay theories which contain an extrinsic incentives bias—people predict that others are more motivated than themselves by extrinsic incentives (job security‚ pay)
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Agency problem and its solutions Introduction Principal-agent relationship occurs when a principal contracts an agent. The principal hires the agent to perform a service for him or to act on his behalf. For example‚ in a large corporation‚ shareholders would hire managers to help them to organize the company in dairy business. However‚ agency problems may arise because of the conflict interest and asymmetry information between principals and agents‚ which lead to agency costs. In this essay‚
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` Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room The movie‚ Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room‚ is a classic story about corporate America’s greed an deceit that was discovered after the demise of Enron. The collapse of Enron was one of the largest bankruptcy in history and the movie captures the culture of money and politics involved in big American corporations. The film did a very good job portraying the culture that allowed Enron to become one of the largest corporations in America while
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this paper is consider three possible rationales for why Enron collapsed—that key individuals were flawed‚ that the organization was flawed‚ and that some factors larger than the organization (e.g.‚ a trend toward deregulation) led to Enron’s collapse. In viewing “Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room” it was clear that all three of these flaws contributed to the demise of Enron‚ but it was the synergy of their combination that truly let Enron to its ultimate path of destruction. As in any organization
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In October of 2001 the Enron scandal was revealed‚ which led to their bankruptcy. It was the biggest bankruptcy reorganization in American history at that time. In the movie Jeff Skilling suggest that money is the only thing that motivates people‚ and I agree with him. Money might not directly motivate everybody but it plays a part in everybody’s motivation. Money is the reason people stay in school longer than required‚ the reason people work‚ and the reason why people get out of bed in the morning
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Case 1.1 - Enron Corporation ------------------------------------------------- Discussion 1 The parties we believe to be most at fault for the crisis in this case are a) the Audit Firm engaged in the Enron audit (Arthur Andersen); b) Enron Management (Kenneth Lay‚ Jeffrey Skilling‚ Andrew Fastow; and c) the SEC. The Public Accounting Firm: Arthur Andersen The auditor has the responsibility to evaluate the risk of material fraud‚ including: * Incentives and motives for fraud : Enron was a fast
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of the Enron Scandal The Enron scandal is one that left a deep and ugly scar on the face of modern business. As a result of the scandal‚ thousands of people lost their jobs‚ some people lost their entire pensions‚ and all of the shareholders lost the money that they had invested in the corporation after it went bankrupt. I believe that Kenneth Lay‚ former Enron CEO‚ and Jeffrey Skilling behaved in an unethical manner without any form of justification‚ but the whistleblower‚ former Enron vice president
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of Enron were the large number of highly complex accounting entries. For example energy traders were required to book all the projected profits from a supply contract in the quarter in which the deal is made. Such accounting procedures are inherently risky as they make assumptions about price forecasts which can drastically affect earnings. Another inherent risk factor is the frequency of related party transactions. The special purpose entities Enron was trading with were created by Enron and
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Problem: What can Enron do to salvage the Dabhol project and its ties to India? After nine years of an obvious debacle‚ it seems that Enron and the Indian government have reached a state of impasse‚ where a sustainable long term relationship cannot be achieved. Enron has chosen to terminate the agreement by offering to the Indian Prime Minister Enron’s 65% equity in DPC for US$1.2 billion and offshore debt for US$1.1 billion. o Various political parties have consistently used Enron as an issue to
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Effects of the Enron Scandal (Kassie) The Enron scandal had a great effect on the United States‚ with an impact on individuals from the consumer level to those running the company as well as the stock market and investors. Throughout the scandal‚ 4‚500 employees lost their jobs and investors lost approximately $60 billion dollars within a few days. The loss of such a large sum of money meant the loss of old-age and retirement security for many of the investors who put their money and faith in the
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