CASE OF PAKISTAN By: Muhammad Sumair Jawed Abstract This article sheds light on the potential of commodity derivatives in Pakistan. It explores the critical success factors and it’s negative consequences given the overall Pakistani Environment. Today everyone is talking about derivative instruments as not only a source of hedging but also a profit making instrument and in derivatives the most frequently used instruments around the world are futures‚ may be because of its simplicity and easily
Premium Futures contract Inflation
A CASE STUDY OF DERIVATIVE DISCLOSURES DURING THE FINANCIAL CRISIS CRITIQUE The case study resembles the important role of disclosures in using the derivatives. More companies are losing billions of dollars due to lack of transparency in doing derivative transaction. This can be seen in the monoline insurer like the American Municipal Bond Assurance Corporation (AMBAC) and the Municipal Bond Insurance Association were affected when the subprime mortgage financial crisis took place in 2007.
Premium Bond Risk Subprime mortgage crisis
................ 11-12 THE FRAUDS AT ENRON Enron committed all types of fraud‚ from mail fraud and shareholder fraud to security‚ wire fraud and money laundering. While analyzing these frauds it will be seen who committed the fraud‚ why did they commit it‚ how did they commit it‚ the penalty and punishment given to those who were apart of it‚ the key players‚ the penalty and punishment given to those who are innocent bystanders‚ the penalty given to Enron as a whole‚ how these types of frauds can
Premium Enron Fraud
Enron Corporation and Andersen‚ LLP Accounting Fraud and Auditor Legal Liability 1 - What were the business risks Enron faced‚ and how did those risks increase the likelihood of material misstatements in Enron’s financial statements? The business risks that Enron faced included foreign currency risks and price instability‚ which is common for the energy industry. In addition‚ Enron faced pressure to perform well so that the stock price would rise. These risks increased
Premium Auditing Financial audit External auditor
April 21‚ 2003 The Enron Collapse Was Enron’s collapse due to a failure in the standard setting process? Why or why not? The Enron collapse was by no means due to a failure in the standard setting process instead‚ the collapse resulted from Enron’s fast growing rate and its highly “creative” management team who at one point just lost control of the business. The company stopped doing what it was known for doing best‚ energy generations‚ and began exploring and operating in a new and unknown
Premium Audit Enron Internal control
Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 INTRODUCTION 3 CHANGES IN REGULATIONS 3 CHALLENGES AND RESPONSIBILITIES 4 RESPONDING TO THE CHANGES 4 Research Studies 4 Response to Surbanes-Oxley Act 5 Response to the European Commission’s proposals 6 Enron Failure 6 Arthur Andersen failure 6 Lehman Brothers failure 6 Ernst & Young failure 7 Detection of fraud 7 Going Concern 7 MINIMISING LITIGATION RISK 7 Obstruction of Justice 8 Consultancy service 8 Conservative Audit 8 Conclusion
Premium Auditing Audit Big Four auditors
limx→2x-2x-2 | 6. | limx→∞3x2-x-25x2+4x+1 | 7. | limx→∞x2+1-x | 8. | limx→∞x2+x3-x | 9. | limx→∞2x-13-2x32-3x3 | 10. | limx→∞x2+3x-2+x5x | Answers : 2‚ 16‚ -3‚12 ‚ -1 ‚35‚ 0 ‚ -∞‚ -2 ‚25 DERIVATIVES (DIFF. FORMULAS‚ TRIGO‚ FUNCTIONS & CHAIN RULE) By using the First Principle Method‚ find the derivatives of the following. | 1. | y=5x | 2. | fx=5x-1 | | Differentiate the function | | | 1. | Vx=2x3+3x4-2x | 2. | Fy=1y2-3y4y+5y3 | 3. | y=x31-x2 | 4. | y=t23t2-2t+1 | 5. | Suppose that
Premium Derivative
DIRECTOR’S RESPONSIBILITIES Is Legislation in Malaysia sufficient post Enron & Worldcomm? Abstract Directors being pillars of corporate governance (Cowan‚ 2004) should at all times act honestly and use reasonable diligence in the discharge of their duties. This is more so in light of recent major corporate issues like ENRON & Worldcomm in the United States and the Transmile case in Malaysia. In essence directors are agents of the company and as agents‚ they owe a duty of trust to the company
Premium Board of directors Executive director Corporate governance
"Propionic Acid & Derivatives Market By Applications (Animal Feed & Grain Preservatives‚ Food Preservatives‚ Herbicides‚ Cellulose Acetate Propionate) & Geography – Global Trends & Forecasts To 2018”‚ defines and segments the global propionic acid market with an analysis and forecasting of the global consumption volume. Browse 90 market data tables and 30 figures spread through 228 pages and in-depth TOC on "Propionic Acid & Derivatives Market By Applications (Animal Feed & Grain Preservatives
Premium Developed country Acetic acid Emerging markets
JPMorgan Chase & Co. The 2012 Derivative Debacle Table of Contents Company Overview 3 Derivative Debacle Overview 4 Events Leading Up to the Debacle 5 Credit Default Swaps and their Use 5 Why did JPMorgan Lose Nearly $6 Billion? 7 What Did we Learn from this Debacle? 9 Works Cited 11 Company Overview JPMorgan Chase & Co. is the leading financial services firm in the world with operations in over fifty countries. It was founded and based in the United States where
Premium JPMorgan Chase